超星美国文学史及选读章节答案(学习通2023题目答案)

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4.揭露人性罪恶的超星浪漫主义小说家：纳撒尼尔·霍桑

Test 1

1、In the 19th century America,美国目答 Romanticism had certain general characteristics. Choose such characteristics from the following items.
A、moral enthusiasm
B、文学faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception
C、史及adoration for the natural world
D、选读学习all of the above

2、章节Washington Irving’s first book appeared in 1809,答案 entitled ______.
A、“The通题 American Scholar”
B、The超星 Marble Faun
C、“The美国目答 Cop and the Anthem”
D、A History of New York

3、文学Washington Irving’s works are numerous,史及 but his most successful work is The Sketch Book, of which the most famous and anthologized are ______ and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”.
A、A History of New York
B、选读学习Leatherstocking Tales
C、章节“Rip Van Winkle”
D、答案The Pioneers

4、Irving’s taste was essentially conservative. This social conservatism and literary preference for the past is revealed, to some extent, in his famous story “_____”.
A、A History of New York
B、Life of George Washington
C、“Rip Van Winkle”
D、“Legend of Sleepy Hollow”

5、The Romantic Period, one of the most important periods in the history of American literature, stretches from the end of the _____ century to the outbreak of the _____.
A、19th, Civil War
B、19th, WWI
C、18th, Civil War
D、18th, WWI

6、Romanticism started with the publication of Washington Irving’s ______ and ended with Whitman’s Leaves of Grass.
A、A History of New York
B、Life of George Washington
C、“Rip Van Winkle”
D、The Sketch Book

7、James Fenimore Cooper’s novel ___ is the first to reveal the west and Native Americans’ life in a passionate way.
A、Go Down, Moses
B、The Last of the Mohicans
C、Winesburg, Ohio
D、O, Pioneers!

8、The Spy was written by James Fenimore Cooper in 1821. It is a novel about ________.
A、American Civil War
B、American Revolution
C、American West Expansion
D、The First World War

9、________ contributed two of the great stock figures of American mythology: the daring frontiersman and the bold Indian.
A、Washington Irving
B、Nathaniel Hawthorne
C、William Cullen Bryant
D、James Fenimore Cooper

10、The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of American literature, evident in _______.
A、James Fenimore Cooper’s Leatherstocking Tales
B、Henry David Thoreau’s Walden
C、Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn
D、All of the above

11、In the early nineteenth century, the attitude of American writers was shaped by their New World environment and an array of ideas inherited from the romantic tradition of Europe.

12、The early American romanticists gave emphasis to emotion and nature; some of them sang of liberty and national independence and wrote in defense of Negro slaves and Indians.

13、Washington Irving was the second great belletrist, writing always for pleasure, and to produce pleasure.

14、Romantic values were prominent in American politics, art and philosophy until the Independent War.

15、The foundation of American national literature was laid by the early American romanticists.

16、Cooper launched two kinds of immensely popular stories: the sea adventure tale, and the gothic stories.

17、With a vast group of supporting characters, virtuous or villainous, Cooper made the American conscious of his past, and made the European conscious of America.

18、Cooper’s claim to greatness in American literature lies in the fact that he created a myth about the formative period of the American nation.

19、Leatherstocking Tales is a novel best-known for the frontier period.

20、James Fenimore Cooper is a famous novelist of American Realism.

Test 2

1、In Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, “A” may stand for ___.
A、Angel
B、Adultery
C、Able
D、all the above

2、___ literary world turns out to be a most disturbed, tormented and problematical one, which has much to do with the “black” vision of life and human beings.
A、Herman Melville’s
B、Washington Irving’s
C、Nathaniel Hawthorne’s
D、Walt Whitman’s

3、Which of the works concerns most concentratedly the Calvinistic view of original sin?
A、The Wasteland
B、The Scarlet Letter
C、Leaves of Grass
D、As I Lay Dying

4、Which of the following is not a work of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s?
A、The House of the Seven Gables
B、The Blithedale Romance
C、The Marble Faun
D、White Jacket

5、In Hawthorne’s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as ___.
A、commentators
B、observers
C、villains
D、saviors

6、The finest example of Hawthorne’s symbolism is the recreation of Puritan Boston in ___.
A、The Scarlet Letter
B、Young Goodman Brown
C、The Marble Fawn
D、The Ambitious Guest

7、Statement “___” is wrong in describing Hawthorne.
A、One source of evil that Hawthorne is concerned most is over-reaching intellect
B、Hawthorne is also a great allegorist
C、Hawthorne is also a master of symbolist
D、Hawthorne is a realistic writer

8、By Brown in Young Goodman Brown, Hawthorne means he is a(n) ___.
A、protagonist
B、everyman
C、colossus
D、spokesman

9、Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown?
A、Allegory.
B、Ambiguity.
C、Interior monologue.
D、Symbolism.

10、According to Hawthorne, romance should be ___.
A、both imaginative and creative
B、full of adventures
C、a true record of human life
D、a mixture of facts and fancy

11、Poe was a great genius, and he was well recognized in his own day.

12、Poe felt that poetry should teach.

13、Poe preferred to write about normal love.

14、Poe turned out the earliest American detective fiction and science fiction.

15、Poe is generally regarded as a pioneering aesthetician, psychological investigator, literary technician and his influence on American literary circles can never be overrated.

16、Nathaniel Hawthorne welcomed the Transcendentalists’ transparent optimism about the potentialities of human nature.

17、Hawthorne believed that romance was the predestined form of American narrative. He took a great interest in his contemporary society.

18、Hawthorne had a positive attitude toward science.

19、Allegory is used to hold fast against the crushing blows of reality, and symbolism serves as a weapon to attack and penetrate it.

20、In almost every book he wrote, Hawthorne discussed sin and evil.

Assignment 1

1、Choose one question from 1 - 3 and one from 4 - 6 and give brief answers in English: Washington Irving What is the historical and socio-cultural background of the Romantic Period in America? What are the literary characteristics in the works of American romantic period? What is the theme of Rip Van Winkle? List the major works of Washington Irving and discuss the artistic characteristics of his works. James Fenimore Cooper What are the artistic achievements of James Fenimore Cooper? What are Cooper’s major works and what is “frontier novel”? What are the characteristics of Cooper’s writing techniques?

Assignment 2

1、Choose two of the following questions and give brief answers in English. Nathaniel Hawthorne 1. Give some different explanations of the symbolic meaning of “A” in The Scarlet Letter by Hawthorne. 2. Discuss the allegory and symbolism in Young Goodman Brown. 3. Analyze the effects of Puritanism on Nathaniel Hawthorne. 4. What’s Nathaniel Hawthorne’s “black” vision of life and human beings? 5. What are the artistic achievements of Edgar Allan Poe?

9. 诗歌的解放者：沃尔特·惠特曼

Test 3

1、Which essay of Emerson is regarded as an unofficial manifesto for the “Transcendental Club”?
A、Self-reliance
B、Nature
C、The American Scholar
D、The Oversoul

2、Emerson based his religion on an intuitive belief in an ultimate unity, which he called _____.
A、the Spirit
B、the Over-lord
C、the Oversoul
D、the Self

3、The following are correct for transcendentalism EXCEPT _____.
A、It is a systematized philosophical and literary movement.
B、It exalted feeling over reason, individual expression over the restraints of law and custom.
C、It spoke for cultural rejuvenation against the materialism of American society.
D、It appealed to those who scorned the pale deity of New England Unitarianism.

4、“The universe is composed of nature and the Soul… Spirit is present everywhere”. This is the voice of the book Nature written by Emerson, which pushed American Romanticism into a new phase, the phase of New England _____.
A、Romanticism
B、Transcendentalism
C、Naturalism
D、Symbolism

5、Which is generally regarded as the Bible of New England Transcendentalism?
A、Nature
B、Walden
C、“On Beauty”
D、“Self-Reliance”

6、Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual Independence”?
A、The American Scholar
B、English Traits
C、The Conduct of Life
D、Representative Men

7、Which of the following is not Thoreau’s works?
A、Walden, or Life in the Woods
B、A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers
C、Civil Disobedience
D、Nature

8、Thoreau took an unpopular stand by announcing his support for radical abolitionist leader John Brown, and his firm stance on the execution of John Brown was most explicit in his ____.
A、Walden, or Life in the Woods
B、A Plea for John Brown
C、Civil Disobedience
D、American Scholar

9、Thoreau lived alone in Walden Pond from July 1845 to September 1847, depending on his own mental and physical resources. According to that experience, he wrote ____.
A、Walden, or Life in the Woods
B、Autobiography
C、The Sketch Book
D、Tales of a Traveler

10、During a journey Thoreau made to Concord in July of 1846, Thoreau was put in the jail for one night for refusing to pay a poll-tax of $2.00 to the government. This experience inspired him to write his famous essay ____, advocating nonviolent struggle against social injustice.
A、A Plea for John Brown
B、American Scholar
C、Civil Disobedience
D、Nature

11、American Romanticism entered a new phase around the middle 1830s and culminated around the 1840s in what has come to be known as “New England Transcendentalism” or “American Renaissance” (1836-1855).

12、Like Romanticism, transcendentalism rejected both 18th century rationalism and established religion, which for the transcendentalists meant the Puritan tradition in particular.

13、The transcendentalists celebrated the power of the human imagination to commune with the universe and transcend the limitations of the material world. They found their chief source of inspiration in nature.

14、With the publication of Nature and of Emerson’s “The American Scholar” in 1837, American literature began to enter its formative period of an indigenous national literature, with liberal and nationalistic, among others, as its most distinct features.

15、Emerson’s reputation fell in the 21st century mainly because he possesses a cheerful optimism.

16、The term “transcendental” was derived from the Latin verb “transcendere”, which means to raise up, to pass beyond the limits.

17、Transcendentalism is also indebted to Ancient Indian and Chinese works, such as Confucius and Mencius.

18、Transcendentalism is always been accused of being over-pessimistic, near to mysticism, without support in reality.

19、Emerson’s aesthetics brought about a revolution in American literature in general and in American poetry in particular. It marked birth of true American poetry and true American poets.

20、Emerson possesses a cheerful optimism. He believes that there is force that can make the bad good and the good better. Angels must always be stronger than demons.

Test 4

1、Which of the following had influence on Melville’s writing?
A、Shakespearean tragic vision
B、Hawthorne’s black vision
C、Emersonian Transcendentalism
D、All the above

2、____ is not Melville’s work.
A、Moby-Dick
B、The Private Life
C、White Jacket
D、Pierre

3、____ is the narrator in Moby-Dick.
A、Ahab
B、Ishmael
C、Flask
D、Queequeg

4、____ is regarded as the first American prose epic.
A、Nature
B、The Scarlet Letter
C、Walden
D、Moby-Dick

5、____, the tragic hero of Moby-Dick, burning with a baleful fire, becomes evil himself in his thirst to destroy evil.
A、Ahab
B、Moby Dick
C、Queequeg
D、Pip

6、Melville’s ____ is an encyclopedia of everything, history, philosophy, religion, etc. in addition to a detailed account of the operations of the whaling industry.
A、The Old Man and the Sea
B、Moby-Dick
C、White Jacket
D、Billy Budd

7、The white whale Moby Dick is a symbol of ____.
A、nature
B、God
C、culture
D、knowledge

8、In following poets, who is considered as the most popular poet in the 19th century America?
A、Philip Freneau
B、Walt Whitman
C、Emily Dickinson
D、Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

9、Longfellow’s epic _____ is based on the American Indian tales.
A、Evangeline
B、Song of Hiawatha
C、The Courtship of Miles Standish
D、Voices of the Night

10、In _____, Longfellow shows a passionate recalling of his youth.
A、“My Lost Youth”
B、“Hymn to the Night”
C、“A Psalm of Life”
D、“The Secret of the Sea”

11、Though Walt Whitman and Herman Melville were romantic writers in theme and technique, they differ from each other in a variety of ways.

12、Romantic values were prominent in American politics, art, and philosophy until the First World War.

13、Moby-Dick is Melville’s semi-autobiographical novel.

14、Melville obviously holds a positive and optimistic view toward life and human nature.

15、The Romantic writers would focus on individual feelings and strong imagination.

16、Longfellow gets a great praise from the critics of the 20th century.

17、Longfellow’s poems have influenced America’s artistic and popular culture greatly and strongly.

18、Longfellow was once teaching in Bowdoin College and Harvard.

19、Longfellow’s inner feelings is always as optimistic as his poems.

20、Today many lines of Longfellow’s poems are often quoted by speakers who know Longfellow penned the words.

Assignment 3

1、Choose one of the following questions and give brief answers in English What is American Transcendentalism? 2. What is the influence of Transcendentalism? 3 .What is Ralph Waldo Emerson’s transcendental idea and his view of nature? 4. Read the passage and answer the following question: Where is this passage taken and who is the author? What does the passage convey and how do you understand it ? Standing on the bare ground, my head bathed by the blithe air and uplifted into infinite space, all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eyeball; I am nothing; I see all; the currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part of Particle of God.

Assignment 4

1、Choose one of the following questions and give brief answers in English Give explanations of the symbolic meaning of “Pequod” in Moby-Dick by Melville. Discuss the allegory and symbolism in Moby-Dick. Analyze the characters in Melville’s works. What’s Herman Melville’s “black” vision of life and human beings? Why do you think Longfellow can earn such a great popularity in the readers of the 19thcentury? Summarize Longfellow’s typical poetic features in your own words. Exemplify the optimistic feeling expressing in Longfellow’s poems.

13. “第一位真正的美国作家”：马克?吐温

Test 5

1、In _____, Whitman’s own early experience might be identified with the childhood of a young growing America.
A、“A Pact”
B、“Song of Myself”
C、“There was a Child Went Forth”
D、“Mending the Wall”

2、Walt Whitman wrote his poetry in an unconventional way which is now called free verse, that is _____.
A、lyrical poetry with chanting refrains
B、poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme
C、poetry without rhymes at the end of the lines but with a fixed beat
D、poetry in an irregular metric form and expressing noble feelings

3、Whitman?published?his?first?edition?of?______?in?1855.??
A、“The?Secret?of?the?Sea”
B、The?Scarlet?Letter
C、“Hymn?to?the?Night”
D、Leaves?of?Grass?

4、“I Hear America Singing” was written by ____.
A、Mark Twain
B、Walt Whitman
C、Emily Dickinson
D、Ezra Pound

5、Whitman is radically innovative in term of form of his poetry. What he prefers for his new subjects and new feelings is _____.
A、blank verse
B、free verse
C、heroic couplet
D、sonnet

6、By means of “free verse,” _____ believes that he has turned the poem into an open field, an area of vital possibility where the reader can allow his own imagination to play.
A、Emily Dickinson
B、Ezra Pound
C、Robert Frost
D、Walt Whitman

7、Which one is NOT written by Walt Whitman?
A、“Song of of Myself”
B、“Crossing Brooklyn Ferry”
C、“I Hear America Singing”
D、“Because?I?Could?not?Stop?for?Death”

8、Emily Dickinson was considered as one of two giants of American poetry in _____ century.
A、the 17th
B、the 18th
C、the 19th
D、the 20th

9、What does “setting sun” symbolize in the poem of “Because I could not stop for Death”?
A、childhood
B、youth
C、maturity
D、old age

10、Which of the following is NOT the recurring theme in Dickinson’s poetry?
A、religion
B、nature
C、war
D、death

11、Walt?Whitman?used?parallelism?and?refrain?in?his?poems.

12、In “O Captain! My Captain!”, Walt?Whitman used symbols.

13、Whitman brought the hard-working farmers and laborers into American literature. He attacked the slavery system and racial discrimination.

14、Whitman’s poetry is filled with pessimistic views about new things and new epoch.

15、Whitman’s?writings?were?also?influenced?by?his?experiences?in?the?American?Civil?War.

16、Most of Emily Dickinson’s poems were published when she was alive.

17、Emily Dickinson’s poetry is well-known for her thought-provoking themes and innovative use of form and syntax.

18、Emily Dickinson’s nature poems are rich in subject matter.

19、Emily Dickinson made no final acceptance or rejection on the question of religious belief throughout her life.

20、Emily Dickinson began her period of reclusion in the early 1860s.

Test 6

1、With? James Howells?and?Mark?Twain?active?on?the?scene,?______?became?the?major?trend?in?the?seventies?and?eighties?of?the?19th?century.?
A、Rationalism
B、Sentimentalism
C、Realism
D、Romanticism

2、The?Portrait?of?a?Lady?is?generally?considered?to?be the masterpiece of _____, which?describes?the?life?journey?of?an?American _____ in?Europe.?
A、Theodore?Dreiser, girl?
B、William?James, widow?
C、Henry?James, girl
D、Theodore?Dreiser, widow

3、_____ is?the?forerunner?of?the “stream?of?consciousness”.
A、Henry?James
B、Walt?Whitman
C、Mark?Twain
D、O’ Henry

4、Which of the following is written by Henry James?
A、The Awakening
B、The?Ambassadors
C、The Marble Faun
D、Moby Dick

5、_____ in the 1860s was the first American writer of local color to achieve wide popularity.
A、Mark Twain
B、William Dean Howells
C、Bret Harte
D、Harriet Beecher Stowe

6、Mark Twain created, in _____, a masterpiece of American realism that is also one of the great books of world literature.
A、Huckleberry Finn
B、Tom Sawyer
C、The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg
D、The Gilded Age

7、_____ is regarded by H. L. Menken as “the true father of American national literature.”
A、Emily Dickinson
B、Henry James
C、Mark Twain
D、Theodore Dreiser

8、_____, being a boy’s book specially written for the adults, is Mark Twain’s most representative book.
A、Roughing It
B、The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
C、Life on the Mississippi
D、The Adventures of Tom Sawyer

9、_____ earned his very first national literary reputation with “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”.
A、Henry James
B、Mark Twain
C、William Dean Howells
D、Stephen Crane

10、With the end of Civil War, ____ replaced romanticism to be the leading trend of American literature in the 19th century.
A、modernism
B、realism
C、local colorism
D、naturalism

11、According?to?Henry?James,?the?aim?of?the?novel?is?to?reflect?the?reality.?

12、Henry?James?was?not?only?a?realist?before?the?First?World?War,?but?also?a?stylist?of?his?time.?

13、Henry?James’?influence?was?exerted?not?on?his?own?age?but?on?the?one?that?followed.

14、Shortly?before?his?death?in?1945，Henry?James?joined?the?Communist?Party.

15、Henry?James was strongly?influenced?by?social?Darwinism.

16、The American realists sought to describe the wide range of American experience and to present the subtleties of human personality.

17、Mark Twain had, as his aim of writing, the soul, the life, and the speech of the people in mind.

18、Mark Twain’s later works unmistakably showed his change from an optimist and humorist to an almost despairing determinist.

19、The bulk of America’s literary realism was limited to optimistic treatment of the surface of life.

20、Mark Twain’s last writings revealed the deep grief his personal losses had caused him and reflected the deep cynicism and disillusionment with his world.

Assignment 5

1、Choose one question from 1-3 and one from 4-6 and give brief answers in English: Walt Whitman Please define “free verse”. Comment on Whitman’s poetic style and language in “O Captain! My Captain!”. What are the major themes of Whitman’s poetry? Emily Dickinson What ideas does the poem “I taste a liquor never brewed” convey? What is Emily Dickinson’s view of death in the poem “Because I could not stop for Death”? What are the artistic features of Emily Dickinson’s poetry?

Assignment 6

1、Choose one question from 1-3 and one from 4-6 and give brief answers in English: Henry?James What?is?the?most?famous?theme?in?Henry?James’s?fiction? Henry?James’s “The?Art?of?Fiction”?is?an?indispensable?part?of?his contribution?to?literature.?Please summarize his?view?in?literary?criticism?? What is the difference between realism and psychological realism? Mark Twain In the The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Huck Finn is a thirteen-year-old boy. Why does Mark Twain use a child as the center of consciousness in this book? What are the contributions Mark Twain made to American literature? What is colloquialism and how is it shown in Mark Twain’s works?

期末考试

期末考试

1、American literature produced only one famous female poet during the 19th century. This was _______.
A、Anne Bradstreet
B、Jane Austen
C、Emily Dickinson
D、Harriet Beecher

2、In 19th century America, Romanticism had certain general characteristics. Choose such characteristics from the following items.
A、moral enthusiasm
B、faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception
C、adoration for the natural world
D、all of the above

3、Within Dickinson’s little lyrics, she addresses those issues that concern the whole human beings, which exclude ________.
A、religion
B、friendship
C、love
D、immortality

4、Washington Irving’s works are numerous, but his most successful work is The Sketch Book, of which the most famous and anthologized are ______ and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”.
A、A History of New York
B、Leatherstocking Tales
C、“Rip Van Winkle”
D、The Pioneers

5、As a philosophical and literary movement, ______ flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War.
A、Modernism
B、Rationalism
C、Sentimentalism
D、Transcendentalism

6、The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of American literature, evident in _______.
A、James Fenimore Cooper’s Leatherstocking Tales
B、Henry David Thoreau’s Walden
C、Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn
D、All of the above

7、Among the following statements ______ is not true as to Melville’s Moby Dick according to the textbook.
A、It is regarded as the first American prose epic.
B、It is easy to read because much of the talk expressed in the casual and simple language.
C、The dramatic description of the hazards of whaling makes the book a very exciting sea narrative and builds a literary monument to an era of whaling industry.
D、It turns out to be a symbolic voyage of the mind in quest of the truth and knowledge of the universe, a spiritual exploration into man’s deep reality and psychology.

8、Statement “___” is wrong in describing Hawthorne.
A、one source of evil that Hawthorne is concerned most is over-reaching intellect
B、Hawthorne is also a great allegorist
C、Hawthorne is also a master of symbolist
D、Hawthorne is a realistic writer

9、Which essay of Emerson is regarded as an unofficial manifesto for the “Transcendental Club”?
A、Self-reliance
B、Nature
C、The American Scholar
D、The Oversoul

10、Melville’s ____ is an encyclopedia of everything, history, philosophy, religion, etc. in addition to a detailed account of the operations of the whaling industry.
A、The Old Man and the Sea
B、Moby-Dick
C、White Jacket
D、Billy Budd

11、By means of “free verse,” _______ believes that he has turned the poem into an open field, an area of vital possibility where the reader can allow his own imagination to play.
A、Emily Dickinson
B、Ezra Pound
C、Robert Frost
D、Walt Whitman

12、What does “setting sun” symbolize in the poem of “Because I could not Stop for Death”?
A、childhood
B、youth
C、maturity
D、old age

13、The realistic period is referred to as “the Gilded Age” by ______.
A、Mark Twain
B、Henry James
C、Emily Dickinson
D、Theodore Dreiser

14、With?Howells,?James,?and?Mark?Twain?active?on?the?scene,?______?became?the?major?trend?in?the?seventies?and?eighties?of?the?19th?century.?
A、Rationalism
B、Sentimentalism
C、Realism
D、Romanticism

15、_______, being a boy’s book specially written for the adults, is Mark Twain’s most representative book.
A、Roughing It
B、The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
C、Life on the Mississippi
D、The Adventures of Tom Sawyer

16、According to ________, only short poem could sustain the level of emotion on the reader that was generated by all good poetry.
A、Philip Freneau
B、Edgar Allan Poe
C、William Cullen Bryant
D、Nathaniel Hawthorne

17、A preoccupation with the demonic and the mystery of evil marked the works of Hawthorne, Poe, _______, and a host of lesser writers.
A、Emerson
B、Whitman
C、Melville
D、Mark Twain

18、________ is a humorous tale of a lazy villager in the mountains of upstate New York.
A、The Legend of the Sleepy Hollow
B、Rip Van Winkle
C、The Minister’s Back Veil
D、The Twice-Told Tales

19、Which of the following is not a work of Emily Dickinson’s?
A、This is My Letter to the World
B、I Heard a Fly Buzz-When I Died
C、The Road Not Taken
D、I Like to See it Lap the Miles

20、The great transcendental work written by Henry David Thoreau is______.
A、Nature
B、Walden
C、Experience
D、Essays

21、James Fenimore Cooper is a famous novelist of American Realism.

22、Poe preferred to write about normal love.

23、In almost every book he wrote, Hawthorne discussed sin and evil.

24、Like Romanticism, transcendentalism rejected both 18th century rationalism and established religion, which for the transcendentalists meant the Puritan tradition in particular.

25、Moby-Dick is Melville’s semi-autobiographical novel.

26、The Romantic writers would focus on individual feelings and strong imagination.

27、Whitman’ s poetry is filled with pessimistic views about new things and new epoch.

28、Henry?James’?influence?was?exerted?not?on?his?own?age?but?on?the?one?that?followed.

29、O. Henry’s “The Gift of the Magi” is a very moving story of a young couple who sell their best possessions in order to get money for a Christmas present for each other.

30、Mark Twain is usually called: " the true father of our national literature" by some American critics.

31、The ______ Period of American literature started with the publication of Washington Irving’s The Sketch Book, reached its height with Melville’s works, and ended with Whitman’s Leaves of Grass.

32、_____tells a simple but very moving story in which four people living in a Puritan community are involved in and affected by the sin of adultery in different ways.

33、After death, _____ became the only American poet who was honored with a bust in the Poet’s Corner.

34、In his cluster of poems called ______ Walt Whitman gave America its first genuine epic poem.

35、The American transcendentalists highlighted spirits, or the _____, as the most important thing in the universe, which was an all-pervading power for goodness, omnipresent and omnipotent.

36、As one of America’s first and foremost realists and humorists, _______, the pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, usually wrote about his own personal experiences and things he knew about from firsthand experiences.

37、Thoreau was often alone in the woods or by the pond, lost in spiritual communication with ______.

38、______ was the first American to achieve an international literary reputation after the Revolutionary War.

39、The period from 1865—1914 has been referred to as the age of _______in the literary history of the United States.

40、In Walt Whitman’s “There was a Child Went Forth”, the child refers to ___________.

学习通美国文学史及选读

美国文学是世界文学中的重要组成部分，也是西方文学中的重要分支。自17世纪以来，美国文学历经了从殖民地时期到现代主义的漫长历程，其中不乏杰出作品和杰出人物。本文将通过学习通的课程《美国文学史及选读》为您介绍美国文学的发展历程和重要作品。

殖民地时期（17世纪-18世纪初）

殖民地时期是美国文学的起点，这个时期的文学作品主要是宗教和历史题材。最早的作品是1620年普利茅斯清教徒写的日记，记录了他们在新大陆建立殖民地的经历。更有名的作品包括1662年安妮·布拉德斯特里特（Anne Bradstreet）的诗歌集《神圣的思考》，以及1692年塞勒姆女巫审判的记录《魔鬼的辩护》。

启蒙运动时期（18世纪中期-19世纪早期）

启蒙运动时期是美国文学逐渐成熟的时期，这个时期的作品主要是政治、宗教和哲学题材。代表性的作品有托马斯·潘恩（Thomas Paine）的《常识》（1776年）、本杰明·富兰克林（Benjamin Franklin）的自传（1791年）和华盛顿·欧文（Washington Irving）的《睡美人谷》（1820年）。

浪漫主义时期（19世纪中期-19世纪末）

浪漫主义时期是美国文学的高峰期，这个时期的作品主要是情感和想象题材。代表性的作家有爱默生（Ralph Waldo Emerson）、霍桑（Nathaniel Hawthorne）和梭罗（Henry David Thoreau），他们的作品都强调人的内心感受和个性的独立性。

现实主义和自然主义时期（19世纪末-20世纪初）

现实主义和自然主义时期是美国文学的转折点，这个时期的作品主要是描写现实生活和社会问题的。代表性的作家有马克·吐温（Mark Twain）的《哈克贝里·费恩历险记》（1884年）和艾德里安·赫伯特·罗斯（Adrien Herbert Ross）的《人兽之间》（1900年），他们的作品都探讨了社会、种族和阶级问题。

现代主义时期（20世纪初-20世纪中期）

现代主义时期是美国文学的另一个高峰期，这个时期的作品主要是实验性和反传统的。代表性的作家有欧内斯特·海明威（Ernest Hemingway）、F·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德（F. Scott Fitzgerald）和威廉·福克纳（William Faulkner），他们的作品都强调语言和形式的创新。

学习通美国文学史及选读课程

学习通上的《美国文学史及选读》课程是一门系统介绍美国文学历史和经典作品的课程。学生将学习到美国文学的各个时期和代表性作品，了解作品的文学特点和文化背景。本课程适合对美国文学感兴趣的读者，也适合学习英语或研究跨文化交流的学生。

课程大纲

• 第一讲：殖民地时期（17世纪-18世纪初）
• 第二讲：启蒙运动时期（18世纪中期-19世纪早期）
• 第三讲：浪漫主义时期（19世纪中期-19世纪末）
• 第四讲：现实主义和自然主义时期（19世纪末-20世纪初）
• 第五讲：现代主义时期（20世纪初-20世纪中期）
• 第六讲：课程总结

学习任务

• 阅读每个时期的代表性作品，并分析其文学特点和文化背景
• 完成每个时期的作品阅读报告和文化探究报告
• 参与在线讨论和学习小组，与其他学生分享学习成果
• 完成课程作业和期末论文

学习成果

• 了解美国文学的发展历程和代表性作品
• 提高阅读和写作能力，掌握文学分析方法
• 加深对美国文化和历史的理解
• 拓展跨文化交流的视野和能力

学习通的《美国文学史及选读》课程为我们提供了一个全面深入地了解美国文学的机会，希望广大读者能够通过这门课程，深入地探究美国文学的丰富内涵，增进对美国文化和历史的认识，提升自身的人文素养。

学习通美国文学史及选读

美国文学是世界文学中的重要组成部分，也是西方文学中的重要分支。自17世纪以来，美国文学历经了从殖民地时期到现代主义的漫长历程，其中不乏杰出作品和杰出人物。本文将通过学习通的课程《美国文学史及选读》为您介绍美国文学的发展历程和重要作品。

殖民地时期（17世纪-18世纪初）

殖民地时期是美国文学的起点，这个时期的文学作品主要是宗教和历史题材。最早的作品是1620年普利茅斯清教徒写的日记，记录了他们在新大陆建立殖民地的经历。更有名的作品包括1662年安妮·布拉德斯特里特（Anne Bradstreet）的诗歌集《神圣的思考》，以及1692年塞勒姆女巫审判的记录《魔鬼的辩护》。

启蒙运动时期（18世纪中期-19世纪早期）

启蒙运动时期是美国文学逐渐成熟的时期，这个时期的作品主要是政治、宗教和哲学题材。代表性的作品有托马斯·潘恩（Thomas Paine）的《常识》（1776年）、本杰明·富兰克林（Benjamin Franklin）的自传（1791年）和华盛顿·欧文（Washington Irving）的《睡美人谷》（1820年）。

浪漫主义时期（19世纪中期-19世纪末）

浪漫主义时期是美国文学的高峰期，这个时期的作品主要是情感和想象题材。代表性的作家有爱默生（Ralph Waldo Emerson）、霍桑（Nathaniel Hawthorne）和梭罗（Henry David Thoreau），他们的作品都强调人的内心感受和个性的独立性。

现实主义和自然主义时期（19世纪末-20世纪初）

现实主义和自然主义时期是美国文学的转折点，这个时期的作品主要是描写现实生活和社会问题的。代表性的作家有马克·吐温（Mark Twain）的《哈克贝里·费恩历险记》（1884年）和艾德里安·赫伯特·罗斯（Adrien Herbert Ross）的《人兽之间》（1900年），他们的作品都探讨了社会、种族和阶级问题。

现代主义时期（20世纪初-20世纪中期）

现代主义时期是美国文学的另一个高峰期，这个时期的作品主要是实验性和反传统的。代表性的作家有欧内斯特·海明威（Ernest Hemingway）、F·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德（F. Scott Fitzgerald）和威廉·福克纳（William Faulkner），他们的作品都强调语言和形式的创新。

学习通美国文学史及选读课程

学习通上的《美国文学史及选读》课程是一门系统介绍美国文学历史和经典作品的课程。学生将学习到美国文学的各个时期和代表性作品，了解作品的文学特点和文化背景。本课程适合对美国文学感兴趣的读者，也适合学习英语或研究跨文化交流的学生。

课程大纲

• 第一讲：殖民地时期（17世纪-18世纪初）
• 第二讲：启蒙运动时期（18世纪中期-19世纪早期）
• 第三讲：浪漫主义时期（19世纪中期-19世纪末）
• 第四讲：现实主义和自然主义时期（19世纪末-20世纪初）
• 第五讲：现代主义时期（20世纪初-20世纪中期）
• 第六讲：课程总结

学习任务

• 阅读每个时期的代表性作品，并分析其文学特点和文化背景
• 完成每个时期的作品阅读报告和文化探究报告
• 参与在线讨论和学习小组，与其他学生分享学习成果
• 完成课程作业和期末论文

学习成果

• 了解美国文学的发展历程和代表性作品
• 提高阅读和写作能力，掌握文学分析方法
• 加深对美国文化和历史的理解
• 拓展跨文化交流的视野和能力

学习通的《美国文学史及选读》课程为我们提供了一个全面深入地了解美国文学的机会，希望广大读者能够通过这门课程，深入地探究美国文学的丰富内涵，增进对美国文化和历史的认识，提升自身的人文素养。