中国大学英语写作能力进阶教程期末答案(慕课2023课后作业答案)

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01 Diction措辞

Test for Unit1

1、中国作业Directions: Read the English expression corresponding to the following Chinese phrase and decide if the English expression is 大学答案答案true of false. 找借口 find an excuse　

2、Directions: Read the English expression corresponding to the following Chinese phrase and decide if the English expression is 英语true of false. 没有用　 It is no use. / There is no use.

3、Directions: Read the English expression corresponding to the following Chinese phrase and decide if the English expression is 写作true of false. 遵守时间 be punctual

4、Directions: Read the English expression corresponding to the following Chinese phrase and decide if the English expression is 进阶教程true of false. 睡得很晚 stay up late

5、Directions: Read the English expression corresponding to the following Chinese phrase and decide if the English expression is 期末true of false. 享受公费医疗 enjoy free medical care

Practice for Unit1

1、1.必做题 Heavy(adj.): a heavy rain,慕课 a heavy load, a heavy crop, heavy news, a heavy vote, a heavy schedule, heavy advertising, a heavy play, heavy casualties, a heavy sea, a heavy buyer, a heavy demand, heavy sorrow, a heavy thinker, a heavy politician 2.选做题 (详见附件PDF)

02 Figures of Speech 修辞格

Test for Unit2

1、The课后 phrase “melancholy trees” contains a figure of speech called _______.
A、transferred epithet
B、中国作业pun
C、大学答案答案irony
D、英语metonymy

Practice for Unit 2

1、写作必做题 Identifying the rhetorical devices in following sentences and try to appreciate them. 1. I was born American; I live an American; I shall die an American. (Daniel Webster) 2. IBM has a handsome increase of productivity this 进阶教程year. 3. We must all hang together, or we shall hang separately. 4. That man’s as practical as Don Quixote. 5. He must have been spoilt from the cradle. 6. Hitler’s attack on Poland in 1939 was like lightening. 7. The sun kissed the green fields. The thirsty desert drank up the water. 8. Only a limited number of the press were admitted to the ceremony. 9. Robbing a widow of her savings is certainly a noble act. 10. Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. 11. Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire. (William B. Yeats) 12. The boy wolfed down the food the moment he grabbed it. 选做题（详见附件PDF）

03 Sentence Writing 句子写作

Test for Unit3

1、Which of the following four sentences is 期末not grammatically correct, containing the misplaced modifier “immediately”?
A、The慕课 driver immediately took the injured to hospital.
B、They were ready to begin talks immediately.
C、Immediately I wrote her a thank-you letter.
D、My mother opened immediately the door.

Practice for Sentence Structure & Sentence Pattern(Unit 3)

1、Task 1 Identify the types of sentences (Interrogative sentence, Declarative sentence, Imperative sentence and Exclamatory sentence) according to their use. 1. He served on the Western Front, where he was injured. 2. How do you understand such a mixed feeling? 3. What an amazing journey! 4. Buy a wooden box or paper box or a bag to contain the objects that you want to post.

2、Task 2 Identify the basic sentence patterns (SV, SVOO, SVC, SVO, SVOC) of the following sentences. 1. The guests have arrived. 2. There exist various opinions on this issue. 3. Today, we call Einstein a genius. 4. Without suitable preservation, food goes bad easily. 5. Students often recite good phrases to be used in their compositions. 6. A friend of mine brought me a wonderful novel. Task 3（选做题，详见附件PDF）

Practice for Sentence Problems(Unit 3)

1、必做题 The following sentences contain misplaced modifiers, dangling modifiers, subject/verb agreement errors. Correct the mistakes: 1. The monkey amused people in the cage. 2. At the age of three, my father taught me to swim. 3. Running along the street, my nose felt frozen. 4. Now that it’s flu season, learn how to protect yourself from your family doctor. 5. Fortunately, the fire was put out before much damage was done by the firemen. 选做题（详见附件PDF）

04 Paragraph Writing (1) 段落写作（1）

Test for Unit4

1、Please point out the fine writing in each sentence. E.g. She proceeded with her household cleaning after an hour's rest. ( Key: proceeded) With the advent of spring, the bustling colors take hold of the natural stage.

2、Most people deem it imprudent to put infectious patients in the same medical unit with other patients though they are rather similar in the symptoms.

3、It is absolutely unnecessary to conceal true feeling from the family members.

4、Some people will feel exacerbated when they hear they are the subject of gossip.

5、Mr. Godmann has a firm habit of taking a pedestrian excursion each morning along the lonely river bank no matter it being a sunny day or a rainy day.

6、While most westerners tend to have beverages at leisure, Chinese quite often just choose a cup of tea.

7、When all the state leaders arrived, the press conference commenced.

8、Summer house has being in vogue and a large number of successful businessmen are following the tide. They often reside in the countryside to spend the weekends.

9、The US has ordered "a lot" of masks to wrestle with a potential coronavirus outbreak.

10、President Trump was just asked if he's contemplating imposing travel restrictions to and from more countries with coronavirus outbreaks, such as Italy and South Korea.

Practice for Paragraph Writing (I)

1、Task 1 Read the following paragraph and identify the irrelevant sentence. Different people spend their weekends in different ways. Some enjoy going to the mountains to hike, ski or just relax. Water skiing is much more difficult than snow skiing. Others prefer going to the beach to enjoy the seashore activities and to get a suntan. Some of these people work very hard during the week; others have rather relaxing jobs. Still others like to relax by staying home and reading a good book.

2、Task 2 Please fill in the blank with appropriate given word or phrase that best suits the logic connection. A. Whereas B. unlike C. for instance D. Generally E. contrast F. contrasted G. The Greek H. The Egyptian A brief consideration of Egyptian mythology 1 with the mythology of the Greeks is enough to convince us of the revolution in thought that must have taken place from one age to the other. The Egyptian gods had no resemblance to anything in the real world, 2 the Greek gods were fashioned after real Greek people. 3 artists’ interpretations of the divine were horrid bestial shapes that combined men’s heads with bird’s bodies or terrifying nightmares. The monstrosities of an invisible world were what the Egyptian’s worshiped. 4 interpretation of divinity stands in opposition to this dark picture. The Greeks were preoccupied with the visible world. 5 the Egyptian, they found their desires satisfied in what they could actually see around them. The ancient statues of Apollo, 6 , resemble the strong young bodies of athletes contending in the Olympic Games. 7 , the Greek artists found their gods in idealized beauty or intelligence of actual human counterparts. In direct 8 to the Egyptians, they had no wish to create some hideous fantasy that they called god. Task 3 选做题(详见PDF文件）

05 Paragraph Writing (2) 段落写作（2）

Practice for Paragraph Writing (II) 1

1、Task 1 Exercise 1:please fill in the blank with appropriate given word or phrase that best suits the logic connection. A. Indeed B. encouraged C. Every D. For example E. disgraced F. One day A career that takes years to build can be ruined in minutes. 1 , Wilbur Smith had devoted thirty years of his life to his job in a bank. He had given faithful and loyal service and gained much power and prestige in his years in office. Everyone in the bank, old or young, knew him and respected him. 2 new employee of the bank would be told the story of his model worker and 3 to follow in his footsteps. 4 he took one hundred dollars of the bank’s money home. Overnight, the man was branded a crook, an embezzler. He was fired from his job; he was forever 5 , and possibly threatened with prison. No one remembered the thirty years of good service and no one tried to find out the reason why he did so and forgive him. 6 , a career takes years to build, but only a second to lose.

2、Task 2 Exercise 1: please fill the blank with the right sentence which suits best the logic development of this paragraph. A. Therefore, they are more likely to learn social customs and habits. B. Children sense around them this culture, this network of agreement, customs, habits, and rules binding the adults together. C. A child is easy to be discipline at different stages. D. They watch carefully what people around them are doing and want to do the same. E. The next discipline we might call the Discipline of Culture, of Society, of what people really do. A child, in growing up, may meet and learn from three different kinds of disciplines. The first and most important in what we might call the Discipline of Nature and Reality. When he is trying to do something, if he does the wrong thing or doesn’t do the right one, he doesn’t get the result he wants. 1 Man is a social, cultural animal. 2 , 3 The third discipline is the one most people mean when they speak of discipline --- the Discipline of Superior Force, of sergeant to private, of “you do what I tell you or I’ll make you wish you had.”

3、Task 3 Read the following paragraph of cause and effect, adding suitable linking expressions. The role of women in today’s society is changing. _____1____ is that women have begun to assert themselves as independent people through the women s movement. ____2_____, women are aware of the alternatives to staying at home. _____3____ is that increasing numbers of women who enter new fields and interests serve as role models for other women. _____4____, men are becoming more conscious of the abilities of women and have begun to view their independence positively. Task 4 选做题（详见PDF附件）

Practice for Paragraph Writing (II) 2

1、Task1 Fill in each blank with appropriate given words or expression according to the logic development of the paragraph. A. meals B. sharp C. authority D. not E. social-centered F. distinction G. at dinner H. marked J. typically K. In contrast to There are two kinds of homes in the United States: the authority-centered home and the social-centered home. In the authority-centered home, the 1 may be father or mother. In this home there is often a clear 2 between family areas of the home and guest areas; 3 there is a living-room where guests are received and entertained, and this room is ordinarily 4 used by family members. Ideally in this home the family dines together. Children are expected to be present for dinner, and it is 5 that children are socialized into the family and its values. 6 the authority-centered home, in the 7 home the parents often act as assistants to their children’s social interest. There is a great informality about the home, so that there are no clearly 8 divisions between “family” and “company” areas. A guest is as likely to be invited to the kitchen as to the living-room. In 9 contrast to the authority-centered home, the family is not likely to take 10 together. The kitchen sometimes resembles a central information exchange, with messages substituting for conversation. (ATTENTION: Your answer should be organized in this form: ABCDEF……） Task2 选做题（详见PDF文件）

06 Paragraph Writing (3) 段落写作（3）

Test for Unit6

1、Rearrange the sentences into a coherent paragraph. The first sentence has been given. (ATTENTION: your answer should be organized in this form: 12345...... Otherwise, no point will be given.) 1. Just look at the statistics coming out of Italy, where they refused to take the issue seriously. 2. “To make sure people stay calm, stay healthy, limit their interaction with others and lock down our points of entry, the president made a bold move in shutting our borders to the European Union for 30 days.” said the White House spokesperson on a press conference lately. 3. A determined leadership is able to keep its people from facing a very high risk. 4. While people are discussing the approaching effects of coronavirus, a simple fact surfaces spontaneously. 5. In just the past 24 hours, the country has seen 2,651 new cases and 189 new deaths. 6. A good leadership will be able to cut the loss to the minimum, almost in all aspect.

Practice for Paragraph Writing(III)

1、Exercise : please fill the blank with the right sentence which suits best the logic development of this paragraph. A. Like all brothers, they do have cross words, but they are a good support for each other. B. He always behaves as the older brother and often looks out for Harry. C. As they get older, the age difference diminishes and they get closer and genuinely enjoy each other’s company. Boys no more, the two British princes are not only maturing gracefully into manhood, they seem to be growing into a comfortable and supportive relationship after the death of Diana, their mother. 1 And perhaps they also enjoy each other’s difference. Keenly aware of his place in the royal lineup, the shy and introspective William remains a classic first son: responsible, serious and controlled. 2 The more volatile Harry continues to be easygoing and carefree, often looking to William to take the lead. Still, Harry’s fiery side can flare when he feels overshadowed or put down by his big brother. 3 And each is in a position to know just how the other feels --- about being in the spotlight, about the blessings and burdens of growing up royal, about losing a parent who was both the most famous woman in the world and, more simply, their mother. “They need each other in terms of moral support,” says a friend of Williams. “Since the death of their mother, even more so.”

Practice for Punctuation

1、Exercise 1 Fill in each of the blanks with a correct punctuation mark: Two twentieth 1 century leaders who have continued to influence non 2 violent social protest movements internationally are Mohandas Gandhi and Martin Luther King 3 Jr 4 Of different races and cultures 5 born on opposite sides of the world in nations vastly different in wealth and technology 6 these two aggressive men in their later years shared the philosophy of non 7 violent 8 but direct 9 action and expended their lives in pursuit of peaceful solutions to social inequities 10 An examination of their lives 11 consequently 12 reveals both similarities and differences in their family backgrounds 13 ideology 14 and plans for social actions 15 Exercise 2 选做题（题目详见PDF文件）

07 Main Parts of an Essay and Writing Process 作文的三大组成部分及写作过程

Practice (I)

1、Task 1 Answer the following questions. 1. How many possible ways are used to start an essay? What are they? There are _________ possible ways used to start an essay. They are ___________________, ______________, ____________, ______________, _____________,________________ and __________________________.

2、Task 2 The following is a developmental paragraph of an essay. But it lacks both its introductory paragraph and its concluding paragraph. You are expected to supply them for the essay. And then you should give it a title. First, by traveling we can enjoy the beautiful scenery in different places. We will see with our own eyes many places read of in books, and visit some famous cities and scenic spots. Second, we will meet people with different interests and see strange and different things when we travel. We can get the ideas of the conditions and customs of other people, taste different foods and local flavor of we like. In this way, we can understand how differently other people live. Third, travel will not only help us to gain knowledge of geography and history and other knowledge, which arouses the fervent love of our motherland, but will also help us keep healthy and make us less narrow-minded. Travel does benefit us both mentally and physically. Title: ____________________________________________________________________ Introduction: ___________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Conclusion: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Task 3 选做题（详见附件PDF）

Practice (II)

1、Task 1 Divide the sentences in the paragraph into sections, using “//’ between the topic sentence and the supporting sentences, and “/” between sections of the support. 1. People often say that gold and silver are valuable, because they are wanted by everybody. But I say that books are even more valuable, because they are needed by everybody. Books are our friends. They introduce us to great men and great women. They take us to all the countries in the world. They tell us stories of all ages. Books are our friends. They teach us to know something about life and truth and science and philosophy. They increase our knowledge, enlarge our vocabulary, strengthen our character, and do many other things that silver and gold cannot do.

2、Task 2 Fill in the blanks with appropriate transitions or cohesive words and phrases for the following paragraphs. Discovery and invention are sometimes confused. Essentially, ___________, they are quite distinct. Discovery is the finding of something that has always been there, ___________ its existence or its meaning has remained hidden. Invention is the design of something new to be made from unknown materials. America, ___________, was discovered; the United States was invented, America has always been there, ___________ its existence was unknown, at least to Europeans, until navigating explorers found it. ___________ the United States was combination of unknown materials: land, law, and a people.

08 Types of Writing (1) 文章类型（1）

Writing Tasks

1、Writing Task 1-Description Write a composition describing a person who has had a lasting impact on you, or who you like or admire, or who you dislike……（150 words）

2、Writing Task 2-Narration Write a composition narrating an experience. （150 words） The following topics are five different topics for you to choose. ? A strange dream ? A terrifying experience ? An unforgettable accident ? My childhood ? My best friend

09 Types of Writing (2) 文章类型（2）

Writing Tasks

1、Write an exposition on one of the following topics in 200-300words. ? Home ? Why People Work ? On Stress ? On Job-hopping ? My Favorite Program ? It Pays to Be Honest

10 Types of Writing (3) 文章类型（3）

Writing Tasks

1、请在以下三道作文题中任选其一作答，详细解析会在互批时展示。 Will modern technologies make people less creative? ■ Modern technologies have greatly influenced people’s ways of entertainment. Seldom do we go to the cinema because of widespread popularity of the Internet. Some people claim that this will make people less creative. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? 现代技术极大地影响了人们的生活方式。由于因特网的普及，我们很少去看电影了。有人声称现代科技会使人缺乏创造力。 你在何种程度上赞同或不赞同这样的观点？ Is the age of book over and will books be replaced by electronic devices? n Some people say that age of book is over and all information will be presented by video computer, television, film, etc. however, others think that books and the written words will still be necessary for spreading information and completing education. What is your opinion about this issue? 有人说，书本的时代已经过去了，并且将来的所有信息都会以录象、电脑、电视、电 影等方式来呈现。但是也有人认为书本和书面文字对于传播信息和完成学业来说还是 很有必要的。你的观点是什么？ What is the best way of reducing stress? ■ Different people have different ways to relieve the stress and pressure of modern life. Some read books and magazines; some do physical exercise in the gym; others like to work in their gardens. What do you think is the best way of reducing stress? Give your reasons. 不同的人有不同的减缓压力的方法。有的人爱读书、看杂志，有的人支健身，还有的人喜爱园艺。 你认为什么是最好的减轻压力的方法？说说理由。

11 Practical English Writing (1) 实用英语写作 （1）

Practice for Styles of English Letters

1、1.Write a letter using the following Chinese information. l 格式：齐头式 l 信头：本人名字和地址 l 封内地址：美国纽约市第50大街10号Harper & Row出版公司 l 邮编：NY10022 l 写信日期：实际日期 l 信文内容： l 从朋友处看到《成功的商务沟通》一书。 l 为提高写作水平欲购一本。 l 请出版商尽快告知付款方式。 希望9月底收到此书。 2.选做题，题目涉及知识点为信函日期规范化及信函称呼规范化，欢迎有需要的同学下载学习，参考答案内附。

12 Practical English Writing (2) 实用英语写作 （2）

Test for Letters of Application

1、Multiple Choice (20 points each，100 points in total.) 1. Well-informed job candidates know that the first step in the employment process is ( )
A、A. researching salary, benefits, and job stability in a chosen field.
B、B. developing an effective resume to send to prospective employers.
C、C. locating job openings at desirable companies.
D、D. assessing their interests and qualifications.

2、Multiple Choice (20 points each，100 points in total.) 2. Which of the following statements is correct?
A、A. Many college graduates are able to find lifelong employment with a single company.
B、B. College graduates must be prepared for constant retraining and updating of skills.
C、C. If you perform your jobs duties well, you can be assured of reasonably permanent employment.
D、D. Many employers today have established predictable career paths within their organization.

3、Multiple Choice (20 points each，100 points in total.) 3. A cover letter has all but which of the following purposes?
A、A. Securing a job offer.
B、B. Introducing the resume.
C、C. Highlighting the sender's strengths.
D、D. Gaining an interview.

4、Multiple Choice (20 points each，100 points in total.) 4. Which of the following is the most effective opening sentence for a cover letter responding to an advertised job opening?
A、A. I would like to apply for the position of computer programmer.
B、B. Could your company use a computer programmer with exceptional coding skills?
C、C. The October 19 issue of the San Francisco Chronicle indicated that your company is looking for an experienced and talented computer programmer.
D、D. Please consider this letter an application for the position of computer programmer.

5、Multiple Choice (20 points each，100 points in total.) 5. Which of the following is the best closing sentence for an application letter?
A、A. I will be available for an interview on Tuesday, March 11, at 10 a.m.
B、B. To add to your team a well-trained, knowledgeable bookkeeper with proven analytical and communication skills, call me at (555)555-1234 to arrange an interview.
C、C. You may feel free to call me any time at your convenience, day or night.
D、D. Don’t call me; I’ll call you.

Practice for Letters of Application and Résumé

1、Write A if the sentence includes both the job objective and the source of the information; Write B if the sentence includes either of the two. (2 points each，10 points in total.) ( ) 1. After eight years as a senior analog engineer at Blayds-Conway, I am seeking a position in this area because of family move. ( ) 2. I am applying for the position of credit research analyst that you advertised in today’s paper. ( ) 3. Ms. Green suggested I contact you about the board liaison position. ( ) 4. I am interested in your part-time position for a truck unloader. ( ) 5. I should like to apply for the position of European Sales Manager with Micronet Technologies as advertised in the latest issue of the Financial Times.

2、Complete the resume with the proper forms of the words or phrases given. (2 point each，20 points in total.) Electronics and Computer finance have a good command Internet academic main courses outstanding student software engineer computer abilities obtain email Zheng Yan Room 212 Building 343 Tsinghua university, Beijing 100084 (010) 62771234 (1) __________: billyzhang@yahoo.com Objective (2) __________ a challenging position as a (3) __________ with an emphasis on software design and development. Education Dpt. of Automation, Tsinghua University, M. E. (Sept. 1997-Jun. 2000) Dept. of Automation Beijing University of Technology, B. E. (Sept. 1993-Jul. 1997) (4) _____________________________ Advanced Mathematics and Statistics Linear Algebra Engineering Mathematics Numerical Algorithm Operational Algorithm Functional Analysis Linear and Nonlinear Programming (5) _____________________________ Circuit Principal Data Structures Digital Electronics Artificial Intelligence Computer Local Area Network (6) _____________________________ Skilled in use of CAD, AutoCAD, MathCAD, C++, JavaScript, Perl, Visual Interdev, Pascal, PL/I and SQL software English Skills (7) _____________________________ of both spoken and written English. CET-6; TOEFL: 623; GRE: 221 Scholarships and Awards Guanghua First-class Scholarship for graduate (Mar. 1999) (8) _____________________________ (Nov. 1998) Academic Progress Award (Apr. 1997) Qualifications General business knowledge relating to (9) __________, health care Have a passion for the (10) __________, and an abundance of common sense

13 Practical English Writing (3) 实用英语写作 （3）

Practice for Letters of Reference

1、True or false 1. Most universities and scholarship programs in the west require one recommendation letter as part of the application process. 2. References are usually written by your friends and parents. 3. A reference letter is more general in nature than a letter of recommendation. 4. In a letter of recommendation, the writer should know the candidate well enough to evaluate their abilities and details the candidate's accomplishments and skills that make him a strong contender based on the writer’s personal experience with this candidate. 5. A letter of reference should be addressed to a specific recipient. 6. Recommendation letters help to shed light on the “full package” that is difficult to fully convey in a resume and personal statement. 7. For most job applications, a well-written resume and cover letter are more than enough. However, certain industries or companies may require a letter of recommendation in addition to these basic essentials. 8. The conclusion should make a clear statement of reference that flows logically from the points made in the assessment part of the letter.

2、介词填空 1. The Master of Laws (LL.M.) provides opportunities for law students to advance their career in the field and gain access ____ fresh employment opportunities. 2. I am writing this recommendation _______ support of her application to your program. 3. It is agreed that over the past years, Miss Lin has been the model _____ excellence of our school, a student who has won praises from teachers, making outstanding achievement in both her academic studies and research. 4. Miss Lin always performs distinctively _____ both oral and written assignments, such as class discussion, oral defense presentations, collecting data from legal institutions, writing analytical reports and recording judges’cases. 5. It is a great pleasure to recommend Mr. Guo Jun ______ the graduate program in your School. 6. By the end of the internship, he was pretty familiar _____ the steps in the exploration of analysis methods for lipids and could operate certain instruments such as the triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (TQMS) independently. 7. There is no doubt in my mind that Mr. Guo Jun would make an excellent addition ____ your university’s community. 8. Please feel free to contact me if you have any questions _____ him.

14 Preparing Research Papers (1) 论文写作（1）

Practice for Preparing Research Papers (1)

1、1. Although there is no fixed standard of academic writing, and style may vary from subject to subject, academic writing is clearly different from the written style of newspapers or novels. For example, it is generally agreed that academic writing attempts to be accurate, so that instead of‘the metal was very hot’ it is better to write ‘the metal was heated to 65℃. What are some of the other features of academic writing?

2、2. Match the following terms on the left to the definitions on the right. A. Abstract 1. Part of the main body in which the views of other writers on the topic are discussed. B. Reference 2. A list of all the sources the writer has mentioned in the text. C. Appendix 3. A short summary which explains the paper's purpose and main findings. D. Acknowledgement 4. A short section where people who have helped the writer are thanked. E. Literature Review 5. A section after the conclusion where additional information is included.

15 Preparing Research Papers (2) 论文写作（2）

Test for Preparing Research Papers

1、1） We can’t write a title by adopting an interrogative sentence.

2、2）Title can be composed of main title and subtitle.

3、3）200 words are proper if you write an abstract.

4、4）We can select 10 words as key words.

5、5）Literature review provides a description, summary, and critical evaluation of the related works.

6、6）The method section can be combined with results section.

7、7）The discussion section is just like an inverted triangle, which starts from the description of general information and ends with a specific topic.

8、8）Sometimes the discussion section can be combined with the conclusion section.

9、9）The conclusion section need not provide the implications of the research.

10、10）The reference can include all the works the author has read.

Final Exam

英语写作期末考试卷

1、I. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate transitions and expressions of cause and effect. Pay careful attention to the punctuation given. （10%）（共10分，每题1分） Causes of Teenage Smoking A 13-year-old boy, standing in the doorway of his school, puffs on a cigarette. He holds it carelessly, like an adult, yet in plain view. He looks around to make sure that the other guys are watching. If you ask how long he has smoked, you will find out that he started when he was eleven. But now, he is an addicted smoker. If you ask him why he smokes, he will probably say that he enjoys it. ① you wonder if that is really the reason. It seems to me that the causes of teenage smoking are more complex. More specifically, they have more to do with the ambiguous role of teenagers in society. Teenage smoking is ② by personal insecurity, a desire to be like adults, and peer pressure. The ③ cause of teenage smoking is the personal insecurity young people often feel. They are at a different age. They are no longer children, ④__ the ways in which they have behaved in the past are inappropriate. On the other hand, they are not yet adults; ⑤ , they do not know the ways of the adult world. This conflict can ⑥ feelings of insecurity. ⑦ , if children want attention from their parents or a toy or sweet, they can cry to draw attention to their desires. For teenagers ⑧ , crying will be labeled childish and they will be told to “act their age.” Often, ⑨ , the teenager does not know how to act his or her age. ⑩ teenagers do not know what to do, they often turn to smoking as a way to hide their nervousness and insecurities.

2、II. Rearrange each of the following sentences, so as to make it a coherent paragraph. （10%）（共10分，每题2分） A. Of the effects caused by vitamin A deficiency, those involving eye diseases are the most pronounced and widespread. B. Another result of vitamin A deficiency is skin dryness. C. What children eat can affect their health. D. Several thousand children become blind each because of this dietary deficiency, which is most prevalent in poor, non- industrialized countries. E. Children who do not eat enough foods containing vitamin A can develop serious nutritional disorders.

3、III. Each sentence below has four underlined parts. Pick out the incorrect part and then correct it. (20%)（共20分，每题2分） 1. Unlike many other people, the America Indians had to discover A B C Agriculture for themselves.( ) D 2. When a spider catches an insect, it releases some poison into an A B insect with its fangs, the poison of most spiders is harmless to man. C D ( ) 3. We see lighting before we hear the thunder because sound travels A B more slowly than light is. ( ) C D 4. Winston Churchill, as the British Prime Minister, leads his country A B to victory during the Second Word War. ( ) C D 5. Bats are able to guide them by producing sound waves too high for A B C us to hear. ( ) D 6. No sooner had the hikers set out on their trip as it began to rain. A B C D ( ) 7. Doctor Godwin says that no matter how forceful arguments against A B smoking there are, many people persist in smoking.( ) C D 8. Since two or three hours, those technicians have been working on A B C D the computer. ( ) 9. The fire began in the fifth floor of the hotel, but it soon spread to A B C D the other floors. ( ) 10. Neither in his campaign nor his acceptance speech did Mr. Miles A B C acknowledge those whose assistance had won him the nomination. D ( )

4、IV. Rewrite the sentences according to the requirement. (10%) （共10分，每题2分） 1. Something must be wrong. (existential there) 2. We are not working hard for ourselves alone. (it-cleft sentence) 3. He gave no answer to us. (inversion) 4. When I am reading today’s newspaper, I know his story. (simple sentence) 5. We are happy to see each other again. (exclamatory sentence)

5、V. It is said that people are never satisfied with what they have and always want something more or something different. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? You are to write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic: Are People Satisfied with What They Have? （50%）

学习通英语写作能力进阶教程

英语写作是英语学习的重要组成部分之一，同时也是我们在职场和学术领域中必备的技能。通过学习通平台的教程，我们可以更好地提高英语写作能力，以下是一些进阶的技巧和建议。

1. 提高词汇量

要想写出流畅、准确、生动的英文，首先要拥有丰富的词汇量。建议学生在学习过程中注重积累单词，可以通过背单词、看英文电影和阅读英文原版书籍等方式增加词汇量。

2. 学习句子结构

了解句子结构可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用英文语法。我们需要学习英文中的基本句型，如主语+谓语+宾语、定语从句、状语从句等。熟悉这些语法结构可以帮助我们构建复杂的句子，提高文章的表达力。

3. 注重语言风格

在写作中，我们需要注重语言风格的规范性和准确性。不同的写作风格适用于不同的场合，如正式文书和非正式文书的写作风格就有所不同。在写作过程中，我们要考虑到读者的背景和读者的需求，选择合适的语言风格。

4. 练习写作

练习是提高英语写作能力的关键。我们需要通过实践来锻炼自己的写作技巧和表达能力。可以通过写作练习题或者写作竞赛来提高自己的英语写作水平。

5. 培养阅读能力

阅读是提高写作能力的基础。通过阅读英文文章和书籍，我们可以学习到各种不同的写作风格和技巧。同时，阅读也能够帮助我们提高语感和判断力，对于写作表达技巧的提升也有非常重要的作用。

6. 学习写作技巧

最后，学习写作技巧也是提高英语写作能力的关键。我们需要学习各种写作技巧，如如何组织文章结构、如何使用语言符号和标点符号等。同时，我们也要学会用英文写出不同类型的文章，如议论文、说明文、叙述文等。

总之，通过以上几个方面的学习和实践，我们可以提高英语写作能力，更好地应对工作和学习中的写作需求。

辐射形网络的潮流分布和环网的潮流分布都可调控。（）

A.流程图中，用来表示输入/输出操作的是（ ）。
B.上海积极改善人居环境，其中教育方面采取的措施有（）
C.化合物CH3CHCl2的核磁共振波谱中，CH3上的质子裂分为双重峰。
D.下列描述中,不属于内部招聘优点的一项是()

研究者想收集证据予以支持的假设通常称为原假设。（ ）

A.农民购买、使用直接用于农业生产的生产资料，不适用消法。（）
B.述输尿管腹部的位置、毗邻及临床意义手术中应如何分离、寻找输尿管
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D.电路中负载发生短路时，负载上的电流大，电压为0.

纵波、横波和面波（L波）之间的波速关系为

A.假复层纤毛柱状上皮中没有哪种细胞
B.下列诗句，不是辛弃疾创作的是（ ）。
C.我国老年心理健康标准的界定，主要包括（ ）
D.据《素问 五藏别论》,五脏六腑之气味皆出于胃,而变见于( )

茶的发酵程度大于80%的称之为全发酵茶

A.利用泰勒公式求函数极限时一般用（ ）
B.自发肿瘤抗原性的特点是：
C.垂直磁场线圈产生垂直方向的磁场，用来抵消地磁场的垂直分量。
D.当培养基内色氨酸浓度较大时，色氨酸操纵子处于（ ）。

轨道电路不能传输行车信息。

A.不属于第三次并购浪潮特征的是哪一项
B.血压（mmHg）、体重（kg）、身高（cm）、肺活量（ml）等属于（ ）。
C.甲在服装店加工衣服，因不能支付加工费
D.8、 夜晚超车时应如何选用灯光（）

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A.关于横道图特点的说法中，不正确的是（ ）。
B.如果在图层上增加一个蒙板，当要单独移动蒙板时下面哪种操作是正确的
C.物流对象物的保护不包含（ ）。
D.与建筑物长轴方向垂直的墙体为横墙。（ ）

下列哪类病人常出现症状与体征不相符（ ）

A.某物质的摩尔吸光系数 e 值很大，则表明 ( )
B.路遥把城市看作女性，认为城市和城市女性都很柔弱、浮夸、堕落、官僚化。
C._______ factors should be considered.
D.Na+/K+ 分布在大多数动物与植物细胞膜中发挥作用（）。

以上案例中，社工运用了哪些理论来指导服务工作（）

A.小篆在汉代不再属于一种正式的书体了。()
B.下列关于大肠杆菌DNA 连接酶的叙述哪些是正确的：（）
C.当一个带电导体达到静电平衡时（ ）
D.你的老师叫Erik Schneider, 你应该如何称呼他

计划工作有广义和狭义之分，狭义的计划工作主要是指（ ）

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B.下列选项中，符合语言规范要求的是（ ）。
C.胆汁中参与消化作用的主要成分是( )
D.参加机械设计大赛时的作品，在实现功能相同的条件下，（ ）。

使用bitmap.GetPixel(x,y)可以得到像素点

A.从孕期第28周到生后一周称（）。
B.导致疾病发生的两大重要的致病因素是：
C.中俄两国通过（ ）等平台进行战略协作和互相支持，加强了两国、经济领域的合作。
D.软件开发方法包括（ ）。

救助他人的一个重要理念就是不求任何回报

A.随着全球化的发展，现代教师应该具备较强的跨文化交流能力。
B.描述区域和背景交界线（隙缝）的长度的简单描述子是面积。
C.如果罚球点球踢出后未经其他队员、守门员或场外因素等触及爆裂，如何恢复比赛（ ）
D.关于现象和本质，以下选项中正确的是

关于终板电位的叙述，正确的是:

A.在数据库系统中,位于用户和数据库之间的一层数据管理软件是_______。
B.用For循环写的程序不能用While循环来写。
C.伊丽莎白跟着加德纳夫妇外出旅行。
D.转筒真空过滤机转速越大，生产能力就越

冲击式水轮机的特征是水流以自由水流的形式冲击转轮，利用水流动能

A.以下为大型客流集散点的有
B.为了实现更好绩效，酒店客房销售通常只会选择某种预定渠道。
C.集成运放在开环情况下一定工作在非线性区。()
D.爱国主义是调节个人和祖国之间关系的()。

二程首先提出（ ）的命题，因此，这一问题是二程思想的重点。

A.那么这种结构也可以迁移到其他
B.有关网络域名系统的描述中，不正确的是（ ）。
C. sois en tu familia
D.道德作为一种社会现象,其产生的条件有( )。