超星医药英语章节答案(学习通2023课后作业答案)
54 min read超星医药英语章节答案(学习通2023课后作业答案)
Unit 1 Listening,超星 Speaking, Reading, Writing & Translation随堂测验
1、________ is 医药英语业答known as the father of agriculture and herbal medicine.
A、Fu Hsi
B、章节Shen Nung
C、答案Huang Ti
D、学习Shao Shi
2、通课Shen Nung’s contribution is 后作________.
A、Shen Nung Pen Ts’ao
B、超星?医药英语业答I-Ching
C、Huang Ti Nei Ching
D、章节the yin-yang theory
3、答案Huang Ti Nei Ching is 学习presented as a dialogue between Huang Ti and his chief physicians ________.
A、Qi Bo
B、通课Shao Shi?后作
C、Lei Gong
D、超星Qi Bo, Shao Shi and Lei Gong
4、Chinese philosophy is based on the combination of five elements theory with ________.
A、yin-yang theory
B、yin theory
C、yang theory
D、the five elements
5、TCM is short for Traditional Chinese Medicine.
6、The origin of TCM is usually related to three ancient emperors in Chinese history: Fu Hsi, Shen Nung, and Bian Que.
7、I-Ching is the cornerstones of Chinese philosophy and Chinese medicine.
8、Fu Hsi is respected as the primogenitor of the Chinese civilization.
9、Huang Ti Nei Ching was the most important and the earliest extensive work on TCM.
10、The five elements refer to wood, fire, earth, metal and water in the natural world.
Unit 1 Test for This Unit
1、_______ has not contributed to the origin of TCM.
A、Fu Hsi
B、Shen Nung
C、Hua Tuo
D、Huang Ti
2、_______ are the allegories commonly used to represent yin and yang.
A、Moon and sun
B、Wood and fire
C、Water and fire
D、Water and earth
3、_______ is recorded as the formulator of TCM.
A、Fu Hsi
B、Shen Nung
C、Huang Ti
D、All the three emperors
4、The exist written descriptions about diseases were dated back to ________.
A、Shang Dynasty
B、Qin Dynasty
C、Han Dynasty
D、the Warring States Period
5、The ________ class of the herbs may possess some toxicity.
A、upper
B、middle?
C、lower
D、middle and lower
6、________ is the first clear medical treatise of TCM.
A、I-Ching
B、Huang Ti Nei Ching
C、Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases
D、Qian Jin Fang
7、Yin-yang and ba-gua are the cornerstones of Chinese ________ and Chinese ________.
A、culture; medicine?
B、culture; herbalism
C、philosophy; medicine
D、philosophy; agriculture
8、Huang Ti Nei Ching is presented as a dialogue between Huang Ti and his ________.
A、teachers?
B、technicians
C、students
D、chief physicians
9、Symptoms of a disease are attributed to a / an ________ of the five elements.
A、imbalance
B、balance?
C、even
D、uneven
10、The book Zhong Yao Zhi was produced in ________.
A、1949
B、1961
C、Tang Dynasty
D、Ming Dynasty
11、Huang Ti Nei Ching is the dialogue between Huang Ti and his physicians.
12、TCM was developed only by the three legendary emperors—Fu Hsi, Shen Nung and Huang Ti.
13、Fu Hsi was the only author of the book I-Ching.
14、The book Shen Nung Pen Ts’ao was based on Shen Nung’s own experimentation and research on native plants.
15、Yin and yang are ancient Chinese concepts which can be traced back to the Xia Dynasty.
16、It was believed that good health can be achieved by a balance between yin and yang.
17、The use of moxibustion or acupuncture could be found in Huang Ti Nei Ching.
18、Diagnoses in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases are not used by practitioners in modern days.
19、The book Zhong Yao Zhi was produced with the help of a nationwide survey.
20、Chinese tuina is a type of therapeutic massage, used to treat muscle or joint pain and other ailments.
21、Cupping is a therapy in which heated glass cups are applied to the skin along the meridians of the body.
22、There are thousands of medicinal substances currently in use, just including plants and animal substances.
23、TCM relies on herbal therapies only for the treatment of illness.
24、Acupuncture means insertion of needles into superficial structures of the body.
25、According to TCM, acupuncture can relieve pain, and treat and prevent various diseases.
26、Which book is the first book in Chinese history？ ________.
27、Who is known as the father of agriculture and herbal medicine? ________.
28、Who wrote the book Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases? ________ did.
29、What does Qian Jin Fang integrate? It integrates ________.
30、How many drugs does Ben Cao Gang Mu include? It includes ________drugs.
Unit 1 Assignments
1、Instructions: You are required to finish the extensive reading of this unit and translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Herbal therapy means the use of herbal combinations or formulas to strengthen and support organ system function. There are thousands of medicinal substances currently in use, including plants, minerals and animal substances. Herbal formulas typically consist of anywhere between four and fifteen herbs. Many herbs have anti-bacterial or anti-viral properties while others work to promote the body’s innate ability to heal and recuperate. Herbal therapy can be very effective in the treatment of acute illness as well as in preventing illness when there is a history of chronic infections and antibiotic use.
Unit 2 History of Western Medicine
Unit 2 Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing & Translation随堂测验
1、Illnesses were categorized as acute, _______ , endemic and epidemic by Hippocrates.
A、characteristic
B、chronic
C、accustomed
D、frequent
2、Edward Jenner discovered _______ at the end of the 18th century.
A、hepatitis vaccine
B、varicella vaccine
C、influenza vaccine
D、smallpox vaccine
3、The germ theory of disease, anesthesia, X-ray, blood transfusion and _______ are five great scientific achievements which paved the way for modern surgery.
A、rehabilitation technology
B、vaccine
C、antibiotics
D、minimally invasive technology
4、The discovery of _______ pointed out the way towards the disease germ without harming the body.
A、penicillin
B、cefradine
C、amoxicillin
D、sulfonamides
5、After observing that bacteria took up toxic dyes, Paul Ehrlich discovered arsphenamine, the first antibiotic.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
D、----
6、Gene therapy can perfect defective genes responsible for disease development, thus it has been well accepted by people till today.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
D、----
7、The understanding of sex hormones raises the survival rate of patients with gynecological malignant tumor.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
D、----
8、Penicillin antibiotics were among the first medications to be effective against many bacterial infections caused by staphylococci and streptococci.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
D、----
Unit 2 Test for This Unit
1、Pharmacology developed in part from _______ and some drugs are still derived from plants, such as atropine and ephedrine.
A、biomedicine
B、herbalism
C、veterinary medicine
D、microbiology
2、Around 1880, Robert Koch discovered the transmission of disease by _______.
A、virus
B、parasite
C、bacteria
D、fungus
3、Gene therapy offers unique possibilities to treat the _______ causes of diseases.
A、genetic
B、environmental
C、emotional
D、dietary
4、Penicillin is a group of antibiotics which include ________, Penicillin V, procaine penicillin and benzathine penicillin.
A、Penicillin D
B、Penicillin E
C、Penicillin F
D、Penicillin G
5、Today, smallpox, polio, typhoid and measles are no longer common because most people have been protected from them by _______.
A、anti-neurohomone drugs
B、antiviral drugs
C、vaccines
D、antibiotics
6、Chemotherapy concerns the use of _______ to treat diseases.
A、vitamines
B、vaccines
C、drugs
D、cosmetics
7、Smallpox can be effectively prevented by _______.
A、vaccines
B、penicillin
C、antibiotics
D、vitamines
8、The discovery of _______ in 1921 was one of the greatest medical breakthroughs in Endocrinology.
A、penicillin
B、insulin
C、Prontosil
D、vaccines
9、_______ is one of the great scientific achievements which paved the way for modern surgery.
A、Gene based products
B、Vaccination
C、Aspirin
D、Anesthesia
10、Fatal enzyme deficiencies may be treated by _______.
A、X-ray therapy
B、chemotherapy
C、immunotherapy
D、gene therapy
11、Endocrinology is the study of immunity or a person’s ability to resist disease.
12、With the aid of heart-lung machine, the surgeon can operate on the heart.
13、As science and technology developed, medicine became less reliant upon medications.
14、Fleming made his discovery by isolating the bacteria-killing substance found in the mould—penicillin.
15、Penicillin is one of the biggest discoveries in Western medicine.
16、Hippocrates invented the Hippocratic Oath for physicians, which is still relevant and in use today.
17、Modern biotechnology allows drugs targeted towards specific physiological processes to be developed, sometimes designed for compatibility with the body to reduce side effects.
18、The first sulfa drug, prontosil, was discovered in 1932.
19、The use of gene therapy as a supportive method along with traditional treatments has gained increasing attention.
20、Penicillin was discovered by accident in the summer of 1928.
21、In 1941, Charles Fletcher used some of penicillin on his patient who was dying of bacterial infection, and the patient was saved.
22、In 1945, Alexander Fleming alone was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of penicillin.
23、What does the word “medicine” mean? It refers to the science or practice of the __________ and prevention of disease.
24、What term is “Western medicine” opposed to? It is opposed to the term “__________”.
25、Who is called “The Father of Western Medicine”? __________.
26、When was the first antibiotic—arsphenamine discovered? It was discovered by Paul Ehrlich in _______.
27、Which discovery marks the start of modern antibiotics? The discovery of __________ marks the start of modern antibiotics.
Unit 2 Assignments
1、Instructions: You are required to finish the extensive reading of this unit (Part 3 Penicillin—A New Breakthrough in Medicine), and translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. Penicillin has saved lives and prevented suffering all over the world, so people value Fleming’s work greatly. If Fleming had not noticed that small area of mould on his plate, he would not have discovered this powerful antibiotic then; and more importantly, if Fleming had not collaborated with Florey, Chain and other scientists, penicillin would not have been isolated and produced, one of the greatest discoveries of the century would have been delayed. The discovery of penicillin also pointed out the way towards the disease germs without harming the body. Various kinds of antibiotics have been found which deal with almost all known bacteria and many other deadly germs. If Fleming had not discovered the first wonderful antibiotic—penicillin, the antibiotic industry would not have developed so quickly.
Unit 3 Traditional Chinese Medicine
Unit 3 Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing & Translation随堂测验
1、There is a variety of Chinese materia medica which includes __________.
A、plants
B、animals
C、minerals
D、all above
2、herbs can be used to help the patient to improve and promote blood circulation.
A、Sour
B、Bitter
C、Salty
D、Acrid
3、What characteristics does Zhimu have? Zhimu is __________.
A、cold and acrid
B、warm and salty
C、cold and bitter
D、warm and acrid
4、are often used to describe the effects of herbs on certain part of the body.
A、Four properties
B、Five flavors
C、Zang-fu meridians
D、Medical actions
5、In order to meet therapeutic purposes, safety is ensured and medicinal effects are reinforced during the procedure of Paozhi in TCM.
6、Zhimu has the function of relieving cold symptoms.
7、Salty herbs have the function of softening a mass and dispersing hardenings.
8、In order to reduce or restrain the toxicity and side effects of Banxia, Shengjiang is often added to it.
Unit 3 Test for This Unit
1、herbs can be used to disperse hardenings.
A、Salty
B、Acrid
C、Sweet
D、Sour
2、Which of the following combination of herbs is incompatible? ______.
A、Shashen and Laifuzi
B、Shengjiang and Banxia
C、Fuling and Huangqi
D、Shigao and Zhimu
3、The aim of combination of herbs in treating complicated diseases lies in the following aspects except .
A、making good use of herbs
B、ensuring safe administration
C、meeting clinical needs
D、saving medical cost
4、In order to induce perspirations, can be used.
A、Zhimu
B、Zisu
C、Jiegen
D、Dingxiang
5、Huangqi combined Fuling replenishes Qi, strengthens the spleen and promotes .
A、blood circulation
B、urination
C、perspiration
D、tonifying
6、The reason why it is called Chinese medicinal herbs is that most of them are from .
A、animals
B、plants
C、minerals
D、microorganisms
7、herbs can be used to help the patient to promote blood circulation.
A、Sour
B、Bitter
C、Salty
D、Acrid
8、What are the characteristics of Zhimu? .
A、Cold and acrid
B、Warm and salty
C、Cold and bitter
D、Warm and acrid
9、are used to describe the effects of herbs on certain part of the body.
A、Four properties
B、Five flavors
C、Zang-fu meridians
D、Medical actions
10、Mutual assistance means that two or more herbs are used in a combination in which one is the principal herb and the others play a role to enhance therapeutic action.
A、subsidiary
B、principal
C、major
D、vital
11、Four properties and five flavors are often used to describe the characteristics of herbs and their medicinal actions.
12、Sore throat and cough show the pathological changes in the lung meridian.
13、Using a single, economical and easy drug to fulfill the therapeutic purpose is the best way in treating any disease.
14、The art of administrations of the herbs in prescriptions is known as formulas in TCM.
15、Mutual counteraction refers to neutralizing each other’s positive effects in the combination of herbs.
16、In order to meet therapeutic purposes, safety is ensured and medicinal effects are reinforced during the procedure of Paozhi in TCM.
17、Zhimu has the function of relieving cold symptoms.
18、Salty herbs have the function of softening a mass and dispersing hardenings.
19、In order to reduce or restrain the toxicity and side effects of Banxia, we often add fresh Shengjiang to it.
20、Mutual reinforcement refers to a kind of combination in which two or more herbs with similar properties are combined to their therapeutic actions.
21、The art of administrations of the herbs in prescriptions is known as .
22、Mutual counteraction refers to the reduction of or side effects by combination of one herb with another.
23、Mutual antagonism refers to a kind of combination in which two herbs are combined to each other to weaken or neutralize their positive effects.
24、Mutual incompatibility refers to a kind of combination in which two herbs are combined to produce or toxicity or side effects.
Unit 3 Assignments
1、Instructions:You are required to finish the extensive reading of this unit (Part 3 Chinese Patent Medicines), and translate the following paragraph into Chinese. However, many patents do not list all ingredients, presumably to protect the secrecy of the formula. An example of this is Yunnan Baiyao, a popular formula used to stop bleeding, whose ingredients have never been revealed in China. This is an acceptable practice in China, where no other protection exists to protect family or “secret” Chinese herbal formulas. But it is also a block since several producers of Chinese herbal medicines are pursuing FDA clinical trials to market their products as drugs in U.S. and European markets. For example, Yunnan Baiyao has to publish its recipe in the U.S. in order to enter American market.
Unit 4 Chemical Drugs
Unit 4 Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing & Translation随堂测验
1、The FDA withdrawed the applications for all prescription combination drug products that contain more than ________ of acetaminophen per tablet, capsule, or other dosage form.
A、225mg
B、325mg
C、425mg
D、525mg
2、NSAIDs are a drug class that provide analgesic and _______ effects.
A、anticoagulant
B、helminthic
C、antipyretic
D、apophlegmatic
3、Solvents are requried both as a reaction medium and for purification via ________.
A、crystallization
B、recrystallization
C、liquefaction
D、deliquefaction
4、Solids include powders, tablets, capsules, pills, _______, etc.
A、granulesten
B、gelatum
C、granulesten
D、granules
5、According to the ________, dosage forms can be categorized as parental, oral, pulmonary, nasal, transdermal, ocular, otic, rectal, urethral, and vaginal dosage forms.
A、route of administration
B、route of digestione.
C、route of anastomosinge.
D、route of adoptione.
6、According to Part 3, DDS stands for_________.
A、digestive system
B、endocrine system
C、drug delivery system
D、cardiovascular system
7、Paracetamol is generally not considered an NSAID because it has only little ________ activity.
A、anti-freezing
B、anti-inflammatory
C、antifibrotic
D、antidysrhythmic
8、Depending on their ________ or origin, pharmaceutical agents can be split into three groups.
A、production
B、dosage forms
C、effect
D、route of administration
Unit 4 Test for This Unit
1、About 5000 antibiotics have been isolated from_______, but of these only fewer than 100 are in therapeutic use.
A、parasites
B、microorganisms
C、herbs
D、synthetics
2、Acetaminophen is combined with other active ingredients in medicines that treat _______.
A、allergy and sleeplessness
B、headache
C、stomachache
D、flu and nephritis
3、_______ contains 75% of all pharmaceutical agents.
A、Semi-synthesis
B、Antibiotics
C、Total synthesis
D、Fermentation
4、Further auxiliary chemicals include active charcoal and _______.
A、catalysts
B、cefradine
C、amoxicillin
D、sulfonamides
5、_______ are the most widely used medicines in our daily life.
A、Biological medicines
B、Chemical drugs
C、Herbal medicines
D、Traditional Chinese medicines
6、Acetaminophen can cause ________ if more than directed is used.
A、liver damage
B、heart disease
C、pneumonia
D、bad influenza
7、Dosage forms can be categorized as solid, liquid, semi-solid, and _______ dosage forms.
A、atomizing
B、suspension
C、gaseous
D、syrupy
8、Liquid oral dosage forms are _______ to ship when compared with tablets.
A、safer
B、cheaper
C、more convenient
D、more expensive
9、Liquid oral forms, such as syrups, suspensions, emulsions and solutions are usually designed to contain one dose of medication in ________ ml.
A、5 to 20
B、5 to 25
C、5 to 30
D、5 to 35
10、The non-steroidal anti-flammatory drugs (NSAIDS) includes the salicylates, and _______ such as morphine and codeine.
A、opioid drugs
B、antibiotics
C、insulin
D、acetaminophen
11、According to the route of administration, dosage forms can be categorized as parenteral, oral, pulmonary, nasal, transdermal, ocular, otic, rectal, urethral, and vaginal dosage forms.
12、Fermentation has already become the method of choice for a wide range of substances.
13、Synthetics and semi-synthetics products are more important than natural products.
14、An analgesic or a painkiller is any member of the group of drugs used to relieve pain.
15、Generally speaking, effective ingredients extracted from natural minerals, animals or plants, as well as drugs obtained by chemical synthesis or biosynthesis are collectively known as chemical drugs.
16、All the over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription medicines contain an active ingredient, acetaminophen.
17、Totally synthetic materials can serve as valuable lead structures and are frequently needed as starting materials.
18、In drug production, a series of laws and regulations like GMP should be obeyed.
19、About 5000 antibiotics have already been isolated from microorganisms.
20、Drugs are administered as pure drug substances alone.
21、Dosage forms can be categorized as injection and parenteral forms according to the route of administration.
22、Opioids are most often used medically to ________ pain.
23、Opioids include morphine, ________ and synthetic drugs.
24、Many derivatives have been modified by partial synthesis for ________ use.
25、Drugs are in general less _________ in liquid form than in a dry state and expiration dates tend to be shorter.
26、________ in the US has taken action to improve the safety of consumers when using acetaminophen.
Unit 4 Assignments
1、Instructions: You are required to finish the extensive reading of this unit (Part3 Dosage Forms), and translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. Dosage form is a drug delivery system designed to deliver the active ingredient to the body and, upon administration should deliver the drug at a rate and amount that assures the desired pharmacological effect. Such dosage forms are manufactured under current good manufacturing procedures (cGMP), using equipment and packaging to ensure product stability. The dosage form must produce the same therapeutic response each time it is administered. To maintain this reproducibility between and within batches, manufacturing procedures are validated under a specific quality assurance program.
Unit 5 Biological Drugs
Unit 5 Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing & Translation随堂测验
1、A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves __________ to a particular disease.
A、immune
B、immunity
C、immunization
D、deficiency
2、Insulin is usually given _________.
A、sublingually
B、intravenously
C、by mouth
D、subcutaneously
3、Insulin is required by the __________ of the body in order for them to remove and use glucose from the blood.
A、tissues
B、cells
C、organs
D、systems
4、It was discovered that the bodies of the diabetics had something in common: the group of cells in the __________ was always damaged.
A、pancreas
B、kidney
C、lung
D、liver
5、Most vaccines contain a little bit of the type of germ that makes you sick.
6、The most common side effect that may occur during insulin therapy is hyperglycemia.
7、Vaccines can guarantee complete protection from a disease.
8、The insulin injection sites must be rotated in order to prevent erosion of the fat beneath the skin.
Unit 5 Test for This Unit
1、Your _________ system can remember how to fight a germ for the rest of your life.
A、digestive
B、immune
C、defence
D、urinary
2、Most vaccines are given _________.
A、by mouth
B、by injections
C、with nose spray
D、intravenously
3、Insulin is used for the treatment of __________.
A、pains in the pancreas
B、diabetes and its complications
C、type 2 diabetes
D、muscle aches
4、The cells in the pancreas produce hormones that control ________.
A、blood pressure
B、blood vessel
C、blood sugar
D、blood type
5、The side effects of insulin therapy are as follows EXCEPT ________.
A、fever and cold
B、hypoglycemia
C、headaches
D、skin reactions
6、A person who was bit by a dog must get a shot of vaccine against ________.
A、tetanus
B、rabies
C、influenza
D、hepatitis
7、Vaccines do not guarantee complete protection from a disease because sometimes the host’s __________ system simply does not respond adequately or at all.
A、muscular
B、nervous
C、endocrine
D、immune
8、________ is the most common side effect that may occur during insulin therapy.
A、Hyperglycemia
B、Hypoglycemia
C、Skin reaction
D、Body swelling
9、The ________ is the preferred site for insulin injection because insulin is most rapidly absorbed there.
A、upper outer thighs
B、abdomen
C、buttocks area
D、back area
10、We can go to the __________ of a hospital to get vaccination help.
A、Surgical Department
B、Inpatient Department
C、Disease Prevention Department
D、Infectious Diseases Department
11、Where you inject the insulin makes a big difference in the absorption level and effectiveness of the insulin.
12、Insulin is most rapidly absorbed when injected in the abdomen and injections in the upper arm and thigh area are most slowly absorbed.
13、Sometimes vaccines are combined to protect you from several diseases with one shot.
14、Edward Jenner found a vaccine that protected at least 10% of the world’s population from tetanus.
15、Insulin is usually taken as subcutaneous injections by single-use insulin pens with disposable needles.
16、To ensure the consistent absorption, insulin must be injected in the exact spot each time.
17、Severe side effects of vaccination are rare.
18、Insulin needles, pens and cartridges can be shared with others as long as they are sterilized.
19、Insulin should be injected into the muscles just below your skin.
20、Industrial fermentation refers to the use of microorganisms to make fermentation.
21、Acetic acid and ethanol are made by fermentation.
22、Insulin is a naturally-occurring ________ secreted by the pancreas.
23、Before the discovery of insulin, ________ was a terrible disease that most certainly led to death.
24、Vaccines given during childhood is generally ________.
25、________ is often called the Father of Immunology.
26、Most vaccines contain a little bit of a disease germ that is ________.
Unit 5 Assignments
1、Instructions: You are required to finish the extensive reading of this unit and translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications and even cause death. Serious long-term complications include heart disease, stroke, chronic kidney failure, foot ulcers, and damage to the eyes. Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced. There are three main types of diabetes mellitus: Type 1 DM results from the pancreas’s failure to produce enough insulin. This form was previously referred to as “insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus” (IDDM) or “juvenile diabetes”. The cause is unknown. Type 2 DM begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to respond to insulin properly. As the disease progresses a lack of insulin may also develop. This form was previously referred to as "non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus" (NIDDM) or "adult-onset diabetes". The primary cause is excessive body weight and not enough exercise. Gestational diabetes is the third main form and occurs when pregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop high blood-sugar levels.
Unit 6 At the Pharmacy
Unit 6 Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing & Translation随堂测验
1、OTC drugs are usually regulated by ________.
A、APIs
B、final drugs
C、TCM
D、Monograph
2、Which of the following is not mentioned as the advantages of OTC drug?
A、Safe.
B、Effective.
C、With a physician’s care.
D、Without a physician’s care.
3、Which of the following does not meet the demand for the storage of ofloxacin tablets according to the text?
A、Below 25°C in a dry place.
B、Above 25°C in a dry place.
C、Protect from light.
D、Keep out of reach children.
4、Which of the following are not indicated for use of ofloxacin tablets according to the text?
A、Pregnant women.
B、Nursing mothers.
C、Children.
D、Adult female.
5、Ofloxacin Tablet is prescription drug.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
D、----
6、OTC drugs can only be sold at a pharmacy.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
D、-----
7、Ofloxacin Tablets are indicated for the treatment of patients with respiratory infections.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
D、-----
8、Prescription drugs are almost passed over a counter from the pharmacist to customer.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
D、-----
Unit 6 Test for This Unit
1、Which is not the usage and dosage of ofloxacin tablets according to the text?
A、Oral administration.
B、2-3 times a day.
C、Taking on an empty stomach.
D、1 table each time.
2、Eating medicine for a long time will definitely have ________.
A、a side effect
B、nausea
C、drowsiness
D、infection
3、Which of the following does not belong to prescription drugs?
A、Antibiotics.
B、Insulin.
C、Painkiller.
D、Cosmetics.
4、The customer can buy ofloxacin tablets with _______.
A、a package insert
B、doctor’s prescription
C、his/her complaint to the pharmacist
D、a monograph
5、OTC drugs are medicines that may be sold directly to customers without _______.
A、TCM
B、a prescription
C、regulatory agency
D、package insert
6、__________ detailing the establishments where drugs may be sold, who is authorized to dispense them.
A、Regulations
B、Pharmacist
C、Government
D、Physician
7、Prescription drugs are often dispensed together with a __________ that gives detailed information about the drug.
A、monograph
B、recipe
C、ingredient
D、pharmacist
8、Ofloxacin tablets should be carefully used for __________ patients.
A、female
B、renal impairment
C、nursing infant
D、respiratory infections
9、How should Ofloxacin tablets be stored?
A、Stored below 25°C in a dry place.
B、Protected from light.
C、Kept out of reach of children.
D、All the above.
10、By regulating APIs instead of specific drug formulations, governments allow manufacturers freedom to formulate ingredients into _________.
A、proprietary mixtures
B、prescription drugs
C、OTC drugs
D、combinations of ingredients
11、Chinese patent medicine can be sold at a pharmacy.
12、OTC drugs have no side effects.
13、All the medicines sold at a pharmacy are OTC drugs.
14、Different jurisdictions have different definitions of what constitutes a prescription drug.
15、Drugs should not be used after expiry date.
16、Ofloxacin Tablet is a broad-spectrum agent with high effect, thorough absorption and low toxicity.
17、The main adverse reactions of Ofloxacin Tablet are nausea, unsuitable stomach, etc. The symptoms will not disappear after the end of administration.
18、OTC drugs are usually regulated by active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), not final products.
19、Prescription drugs are almost always passed over a counter from the pharmacist to the customer.
20、All of the side effects are mild, like a slight headache.
21、Store drugs in a locked cupboard where the temperature is fairly stable.
22、Ofloxacin Tablet’s active ingredient is __________.
23、Pregnant woman, nursing mothers and __________ are not indicated for use of ofloxacin tablets.
24、No serious adverse reaction is reported in patients treated with ofloxacin tablets. The main adverse reactions are__________, unsuitable stomach, etc.
25、In many countries, OTC drugs are selected by a __________ to ensure that they are ingredients that are safe and effective when used without a physician’s care.
26、A prescription drug is a __________ that is regulated by legislation to require a medical prescription before it can be obtained.
Unit 6 Assignments
1、Instructions: You are required to finish the extensive reading of this unit (Part 3 Side Effects of Drugs), and translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Sometimes, taking a combination of prescription and non-prescription drugs can cause unwanted side effects. Side effects are what a drug does to you that you don’t want it to do. Medications are prescribed for a specific purpose, such as to control HIV. As a famous Chinese saying goes, “Any medicine has 30% of poison in it.” Eating medicine for a long time will definitely have a side-effect. Some side effects are mild, like a slight headache. Others, like liver damage, can be severe and, in rare cases, fatal.
Unit 7 At the Hospital
Unit 7 Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing & Translation随堂测验
1、A(An) is responsible for all the items used in the operating room and participates the needs of the surgical team.
A、Surgeon
B、Surgeon’s assistant
C、Theater nurse
D、Anesthesiologist
2、A(An) is a physician trained in anesthesia and monitors the condition of the patient throughout the operation.
A、Surgeon
B、Surgeon’s assistant
C、Theater nurse
D、Anesthesiologist
3、A(An) is a surgical health professional who works under the direction of licensed surgeons performing surgical procedures.
A、Surgeon
B、Surgeon’s assistant
C、Theater nurse
D、Anesthesiologist
4、A(An) decides and carries out the operation.
A、Surgeon
B、Surgeon’s assistant
C、Theater nurse
D、Anesthesiologist
5、The anesthesiologist starts anesthesia for the patient while the surgeon performs the operation.
6、Regional anesthesia takes away the sensation with a larger area of the body than local anesthesia.
7、General anesthesia makes the person awake but lose sensation in the whole body.
8、You should tell your medical history to your surgeon after surgery operation.
Unit 7 Test for This Unit
1、If there are evident burns, cover them loosely with ________ dressings.
A、scrub
B、sterile
C、sedation
D、solution
2、If someone is under ________, they have been given medicine or drugs in order to calm them or make them sleep.
A、medication
B、ventilator
C、sedation
D、injection
3、________ makes the person lose not only sensation in the whole body but also consciousness as well.
A、General anesthesia
B、Region anesthesia
C、Local anesthesia
D、MAC
4、Put this _______ under your tongue.
A、gurney
B、scrub
C、thermometer
D、wheelchair
5、The surgeon closed the _______ with stitches.
A、sterile
B、gurney
C、solution
D、incision
6、He fell on his head and lost ________.
A、conscious
B、unconscious
C、consciousness
D、unconsciousness
7、I’m going to send for a nurse, as the _______ drip will run out soon.
A、medication
B、intravenous
C、injection
D、administration
8、The primary function of the ________ system is to supply the blood with oxygen.
A、cardiac
B、emergency
C、equipment
D、respiratory
9、________ inhibits the sensation within a specific body part, so it is often used in small operations.
A、General anesthesia
B、Region anesthesia
C、Local anesthesia
D、MAC
10、There would be no need of ________, since the vaccine would be taken by mouth.
A、injection
B、anesthesia
C、infection
D、instrument
11、The patient is transferred from a gurney to the operating table, which has enough space to make him or her make her more comfortable.
12、Operating rooms are equipped with air-conditions to keep cool during the operation.
13、Anesthesiologist can monitor the patient’s condition at any positions in the operation room.
14、Once external surgery is started, the surgeon uses smaller, more delicate devices.
15、The patient should in advance inform the nurse of his or her health and medications.
16、Anesthesia facilitates medical procedures by blocking the patient’s sensations.
17、Local anesthesia differs from general anesthesia in how long anesthesia lasts.
18、The vast majority of surgeries are performed under general anesthesia.
19、Monitored anesthesia care (MAC), also known as twilight anesthesia, is a type of anesthesia where sedatives are provided to keep the patient calm while allowing the patient to remain awake and responsive.
20、Every patient has complications after surgery.
21、Antibiotics are administered to patients after surgery, even if no signs or symptoms of infection are present, in order to prevent this issue.
22、Operating rooms are _______ environments.
23、The operation rooms are air-conditioned to help prevent__________.
24、_________ anesthesia is typically used for minor procedures that can be completed in a short time and the patient is expected to return home the same day.
25、Once the medications are given, a breathing tube is placed into the patient’s airway and connected with a tube to the __________.
26、In regional anesthesia, only the area of the body that would feel pain is numbed, allowing the patient to have the procedure while ___________.
Unit 7 Assignments
1、Instructions: You are required to finish the extensive reading of this unit (Part 3 The Most Common Complications After Surgery), and translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. When the surgery is over, the patient is sent to a special room called the post anesthesia care unit. The operating room nurse will pay close attention to the patient’s vital signs and his surgical sites. If anything happens, the nurse should inform the surgeon as soon as possible. The patient might also develop nausea and vomiting during this period as he has not completely recovered from the anesthesia. At the same time, the patient will feel pain and complain of discomfort. The nurse needs to be careful to treat the symptoms. When the patient has recovered from the anesthesia and all the signs are stable, the nurse will send him back to the ward.
Unit 8 In the Pharmaceutical Company
Unit 8 Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing & Translation随堂测验
1、are the pharmaceutical customers according to the text.
A、The patients
B、The sales people
C、The doctors
D、The compes
2、In order to , the tablets are conveyed directly from tableting machine to a deduster.
A、be coated
B、be compressed directly
C、impart the necessary qualities for production of tablets
D、remove traces of loose powder adhering to tablets following compression
3、also increase material density, improving powder compressibility during tablet formation.
A、Compressions
B、Moldings
C、Granulations
D、Compactings
4、The sales people should bring the presentation when they intend to visit doctors.
A、with figures in black and white
B、with charts
C、with reading materials
D、all above
5、The sales representative will have to answer the doctors’ questions about the pharmaceuticals.
6、The widely employed method for production of compressed tablets is direct compression.
7、The doctors always have plenty of time to communicate with the pharmaceutical sales reps.
8、The free-flowing and cohesive properties of some granular chemicals enable them to be directly compressed.
Unit 8 Test for This Unit
1、The power mixture is compacted in large pieces and subsequently broken down or sized into granules by .
A、the wet granulation method
B、the dry granulation method
C、the direct compression method
D、all-in-one granulation method
2、The regulation in pharmaceutical sales refers to .
A、the limitations to avoid breaking the law
B、the restrictions to prevent promotional materials becoming a bribe
C、the restrictions to avoid breaking the sales policies
D、None of the other three
3、The pharmaceutical companies expect their sales reps to .
A、bring plenty of promotional materials
B、stay aware of new doctors and clinics
C、establish a good relationship
D、familiarize with the regulation
4、is the fourth step of performing wet granulation.
A、Preparing a damp mass
B、Adding lubricant and blending
C、Sizing the granulation
D、Drying the granulation
5、“For this method, either the active ingredient or the diluents must have cohesive properties.”Choose the best translation for the above sentence.
A、对于这种方法来说，不管是有效成分还是稀释剂都必须有粘附性。
B、对于这种防范来说，粘附性必须使药物成分和添加剂更加活跃。
C、这种方法必须保证药物的有效成分和稀释剂有良好的黏着性。
D、这种方法必须通过黏着性让药物成分和添加剂更加活跃。
6、All-in-one granulation method mentioned in the text refers to the granulation using .
A、various shaped punches
B、various shaped dies
C、the fluid bed granulator
D、tablet machines with great pressure
7、is thought to be a harm to the relationship between doctors and sales people.
A、Breaking the law
B、Breaking the regulations in hospital
C、Giving a bribe
D、All above
8、steps are needed to perform the wet granulation according to the text.
A、Four
B、Six
C、Seven
D、Eight
9、is not the basic method of manufacturing compressed tablets according to the text.
A、wet granulation
B、all-in-one granulation
C、direct compression
D、dry granulation
10、is the widely employed method for production of compressed tablets.
A、Wet granulation
B、Direct compression
C、Dry granulation
D、Not mentioned
11、The representatives would better establish a good relation with the leaders of the hospitals.
12、Some doctors prefer to work sales people into their schedules around their patients.
13、Bringing some promotional materials that come with sales calls can be helpful in making sales.
14、Most powdered medicinal agents require addition of excipients such as diluents, binders, disintegrants, and lubricants to determine their shapes.
15、The shapes and dimensions of compressed tablets are determined by pressure.
16、Weighing and blending the ingredients is the first step of performing wet granulation.
17、Some materials may degrade in moisture or the elevated temperatures required for drying the granules.
18、Tablets are solid dosage forms made by adding some pharmaceutical excipients.
19、All the doctors always make an appointment with the pharmaceutical sales people first.
20、Pharmaceutical logistics is a business process without concerning customers.
21、Cargo is transported by ship, boat or aircraft but not by containers.
22、Compressed tablets are manufactured with tablet machines capable of exerting great pressure in the powdered or granulated material.
23、Dry granulation is especially to materials that cannot be prepared by wet granulation.
24、Most powdered medicinal agents require addition of to provide the desired characteristics for tablets manufacture and efficacious use.
25、There are restrictions in place to prevent materials becoming a bribe.
26、Contact someone in pharmaceutical sales to find out the possibility of getting a position as a pharmaceutical sales representative.
Unit 8 Assignments
1、Instructions: You are required to write an application letter to the human resources manager of one pharmaceutical company, Mr. Ray Hanks for a pharmaceutical sales representative job. You should explain why you choose this company and why you are suitable for this sales representative job, including your qualifications such as educational background, working experience and so on.
Unit 9 Drug Regulations
Unit 9 Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing & Translation随堂测验
1、Pharmaceutical industry is a special industry for the people’s _________ and _________.
A、mentality, wealth
B、health, wealth
C、mentality, life
D、health, life
2、Entries in the log shall be in __________ order.
A、numerical
B、chronological
C、sequence
D、alphabetical
3、If enterprises arrange warehouse, the structure of doors and windows shall be _________, and __________safety, protection, and anti-theft measures shall be taken.
A、tight, incredible
B、bright, reliable
C、tight, reliable
D、bright, incredible
4、__________ shall not be included in the documentation that each significant step in the manufacture, processing, packing, or holding of the batch was accomplished.
A、an accurate reproduction of the master production
B、identity of individual major equipment
C、weights and measures of components
D、description of drug product containers and closures
5、The government formulated some practices to assure the behaviors of enterprises are standardized and orderly.
6、Enterprises shall establish the computer system complying with the requirements on operation and quality management.
7、The control record directs the operators in exactly how to make the product and the operators must follow the batch record instructions just as it is written.
8、Batch production and control records shall include inspection of the packaging and labeling area during use.
Unit 9 Test for This Unit
1、Business shall have appropriate __________ to protect the drugs from impacts of outdoor environment.
A、facilitates
B、facilities
C、facsimiles
D、factories
2、In order to protect the drugs from the impacts of outdoor environment, the business place shall not be __________.
A、spacious
B、bright
C、moist
D、sanitary
3、The following facilities and equipment shall be provided for warehouse, EXCEPT ________.
A、equipment for effective isolation
B、equipment for the computer system
C、equipment for effectively regulating temperature and humidity
D、special place for acceptance
4、The operators must follow the ________ record instructions just as it is written.
A、control
B、written
C、batch
D、distribution
5、If the dedicated equipment is employed, the batch record shall also include the records of cleaning, ________, and use.
A、maintenance
B、identification
C、reproduction
D、purchase
6、The business places of enterprises shall be appropriate for the operation __________ and operation scale of drugs.
A、range
B、scope
C、yield
D、zone
7、If enterprises arrange warehouses, the ground shall be ________.
A、smooth
B、leveled
C、sanitary
D、paralleled
8、Business places shall have equipment for storing medicinal slices and __________ dispensing for Chinese herbal medicines.
A、description
B、describe
C、prescription
D、prescribe
9、A batch record is a document that accompanies a __________ product as it is made.
A、chemical
B、biological
C、pharmaceutical
D、physical
10、Documentation that each significant step shall include a statement of the actual yield and a statement of the percentage of __________ yield at appropriate phases of processing.
A、theoretical
B、applicable
C、remarkable
D、practical
11、Ordinary warehouse shall be established for storage of Chinese herbal medicine.
12、Lighting equipment meeting the requirements on storage operation shall be provided for warehouses.
13、The drugs under special control shall be provided with the operation facilities meeting the national provisions.
14、Each time a product is to be made, the operators are issued a copy of the current version of the control record.
15、For compressed medical gas products, distribution records are not required to contain lot or control numbers.
16、Business places shall have special cold storage equipment for drugs requiring refrigeration.
17、Warehouses shall provide storage facilities conforming to the national provisions for drugs under special control if they require humidity.
18、Documentation that each significant step shall have complete labeling control records, including specimens or copies of all labeling used.
19、Results of examinations of documentation in each significant step made in accordance with 211.192.
20、FDA is a governmental agency that is responsible for overseeing the pharmaceutical industry.
21、An important documentation habit for employees of pharmaceutical companies is to ensure that all information recorded by hand is legible.
22、Business places shall have equipment for __________ temperature.
23、Business places shall have special storage equipment meeting safety provisions for __________ medicines.
24、The persons performing and double-checking the cleaning and maintenance shall date and __________ the log indicating that the work was performed.
25、Batch production and control records shall include ____________ of each batch of component or in-process material used.
26、Distribution records shall contain the name and strength of the product and description of the __________, name and address of the consignee.
Unit 9 Assignments
1、Instructions: You are required to finish the extensive reading of this unit (Part 3 Documentation Habits in the Pharmaceutical Industry), and translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. Employees should be informed that they may need to be qualified or certified to perform certain tasks such as welding, operating a validated process or working in controlled areas. Likewise, employees need to be told that where necessary, they will be informed about improper performance of their assigned tasks with the intent of improving their performance and reducing the likelihood of producing nonconforming product.
Unit 10 Drug Standards
Unit 10 Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing & Translation随堂测验
1、Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension is modified by the addition of a suitable zinc salt _______ such that the solid phase of the suspension is predominantly crystalline.
A、in manner
B、in a manner
C、in manners
D、in an manner
2、It _______ in the tests for Sterility and Insulin in the supernatant under Isophane Insulin Suspension and for Zinc content and Zinc in the supernatant under Insulin Zinc Suspension.
A、meet requiring
B、met the requirements
C、meets the requirements
D、met requiring
3、The tablets _______ the requirements stated under Tablets and with the following requirements.
A、comply by
B、comply with
C、comply to
D、comply on
4、This requirement does not _______ countries where exclusive proprietary rights in the name Aspirin are claimed.
A、apply in
B、apply for
C、apply to
D、apply with
5、Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension must be preserved in the opened multiple-dose container provided by the manufacturer.
6、Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension can be repackaged in the unopened multiple-dose container.
7、The action and use of Aspirin contains the following: Salicylate; non-selective cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor; antipyretic; analgesic; anti-inflammatory.
8、Aspirin Tablets contain Aspirin. It’s content is from 95.0 to 105.0% of the stated amount.
Unit 10 Test for This Unit
1、In the U.S. Pharmacopeia, RS stands for _______.
A、Regular Solution
B、Radio Station
C、Record separator
D、Reference Standard
2、Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension shall be stored _______.
A、unopened multiple-dose container
B、in refrigerator
C、that freezing is to be avoided
D、All of the above
3、Boil 0.5 g of the powdered tablets for 2 to 3 minutes with 10 mL of 5 M sodium hydroxide, cool and add an excess of 1 M sulfuric acid; a crystalline precipitate is produced. To a solution of the precipitate in water add iron (III) chloride solution R1; a _______ colour is produced.
A、turquoise blue
B、deep violet
C、sandy brown
D、smoky grey
4、The difference between the titrations represents _______ sodium hydroxide required.
A、a quantity of
B、the amount of
C、the quality of
D、an amount of
5、In the British Pharmacopeia, RS stands for: _______.
A、Regular Solution
B、Radio Station
C、Record separator
D、Reference Standard
6、Aspirin is known as _______.
A、Acetylsalicylic Acid
B、Sulfuric Acid
C、Salicylic Acid
D、Hydrochloric Acid
7、Aspirin, when dried, contains _______ 99.5% of C9H8O4.
A、more than
B、not more than
C、not less than
D、less than
8、It is _______ soluble in ethanol (95) and in acetone, soluble in diethyl ether, and _______ soluble in water.
A、heavily; freely
B、freely; slightly
C、largely; heavily
D、gently; largely
9、In moist air, Aspirin gradually hydrolyzes to _______ and acetic acid.
A、sulfuric acid
B、nitric acid
C、palmitic acid
D、salicylic acid
10、Aspirin is __________; analgesic; anti-inflammatory.
A、antipyretic
B、salicylate
C、non-selective cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor
D、All of the above
11、The potency of Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension is based on the sum of its insulin and desamido insulin components, is from 95.0 percent to 105.0 percent of the potency stated on the label, expressed in USP Insulin Units per ml.
12、Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension preservation includes normal temperature and freezing preservation.
13、Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension is to be shaken carefully before use.
14、Aspirin is a medicine that reduces pain, inflammation, and fever.
15、Aspirin is freely soluble in ethaol (95) and in acetone, soluble in diethyl ether, and slightly soluble in water.
16、Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension can be repackaged.
17、One must label Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension to state that it is to be stored in a refrigerator and that freezing is to be avoided.
18、The identification of Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension must meet the requirements of the identification test under Insulin Zinc.
19、Insulin can be extracted by buffered acetone solution.
20、The label of Aspirin states that the tablets contain Aspirin, unless this word appears in the name of the tablets.
21、The difference between the titrations represents the quality of sodium hydroxide required.
22、Aspirin occurs as white crystals, granules or powder. It is odorous, and has a heavy acid taste.
23、Aspirin, when dried, contains not less than 99.5% of C9H8O4.
24、Melting point of Aspirin is about 136°C (bath fluid is heated at 130°C previously).
25、Aspirin can be stored in _______ containers according to Japanese Pharmacopeia.
26、This requirement does not apply in countries where _______ in the name Aspirin are claimed.
27、Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension is a sterile suspension of Insulin in buffered Water for _______.
28、The tablets _______ the requirements stated under Tablets..
29、Comply with the requirements for _______ of the British Pharmacopoeia in the dissolution test for tablets and capsules.
Unit 10 Assignments
1、Instructions:You are required to finish the extensive reading of this unit (Part 3 Aspirin—Acetylsalicylic Acid), and translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. Labeling — In addition to meeting the requirements for Labeling under Injections 1, fused-seal containers of the Injection in concentrations of 250mg per mL and greater are labeled to indicate that since pressure may develop on long storage, precautions should be taken to wrap the container in a protective covering while it is being opened. Limit of oxalate — Dilute a volume of Injection, equivalent to 50 mg of ascorbic acid, with water to 5 mL. Add 0.2 mL of acetic acid and 0.5 mL of calcium chloride TS: no turbidity is produced in 1 minute.
Final Exam
Final Exam
1、________ is the first clear medical treatise of TCM.
A、I-Ching
B、Huang Ti Nei Ching
C、Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases
D、Qian Jin Fang
2、_______ is one of the great scientific achievements which paved the way for modern surgery.
A、Gene based products
B、Vaccination
C、Aspirin
D、Anesthesia
3、The reason why it is called Chinese medicinal herbs is that most of them are from .
A、animals
B、plants
C、minerals
D、microorganisms
4、Dosage forms can be categorized as solid, liquid, semi-solid, and _______ dosage forms.
A、atomizing
B、suspension
C、gaseous
D、syrupy
5、Insulin is used for the treatment of __________.
A、pains in the pancreas
B、diabetes and its complications
C、type 2 diabetes
D、muscle aches
6、OTC drugs are medicines that may be sold directly to customers without _______.
A、TCM
B、a prescription
C、regulatory agency
D、package insert
7、________ makes the person lose not only sensation in the whole body but also consciousness as well.
A、General anesthesia
B、Region anesthesia
C、Local anesthesia
D、MAC
8、is the widely employed method for production of compressed tablets.
A、Wet granulation
B、Direct compression
C、Dry granulation
D、Not mentioned
9、In order to protect the drugs from the impacts of outdoor environment, the business place shall not be __________.
A、spacious
B、bright
C、moist
D、sanitary
10、In the U.S. Pharmacopeia, RS stands for: _______.
A、Regular Solution
B、Radio Station
C、Record separator
D、Reference Standard
11、In the British Pharmacopeia, RS stands for: _______.
A、Regular Solution
B、Radio Station
C、Record separator
D、Reference Standard
12、Chinese philosophy is based on the combination of five elements theory with________.
A、yin-yang theory
B、yin theory
C、yang theory
D、the five elements
13、Viral infections like smallpox can be effectively prevented by .
A、penicillin
B、vaccines
C、sulfa drugs
D、None of the above
14、Tu Youyou was the first Chinese national to win a Nobel prize in ________.
A、literature
B、science
C、philosophy
D、physics
15、The usual therapies for cancer treatment are .
A、surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy
B、surgery
C、gene therapy
D、food therapy
16、If someone wants to establish a pharmacy, he must get the certificate of .
A、GMP
B、GCP
C、GSP
D、All of the above
17、The core of the national drug standards system is .
A、GMP
B、a pharmacopoeia
C、a drug registration specification
D、GSP
18、Preserve in the unopened multiple-dose container provided by the manufacturer. (Which translation is right?)
A、保存在生产企业提供的未开封的多剂量容器中。
B、保存在厂家提供的未打开过的多个包装容器中。
C、保存在厂家提供的完整的多个小包装容器中。
D、保存在企业提供的多个完整的包装容器中。
19、Assay—Proceed as directed in the Assay under Insulin Injection. (Which translation is right?)
A、【化验】按照胰岛素注射液所要求的方法测定。
B、【含量测定】按照胰岛素注射液所指示的方法测定。
C、【含量测定】照胰岛素注射液项下含量测定方法测定。
D、【化验】按照胰岛素注射液所指示的方法测定。
20、The tablets comply with the requirements stated under Tablets and with the following requirements. (Which translation is right?)
A、本品符合片剂项下的要求和下列要求。
B、片剂应符合片剂的要求，并符合以下要求。
C、片剂应按片剂的要求执行，并符合以下要求。
D、本品应按片剂的要求执行，并符合以下要求。
21、Shake a quantity of the powdered tablets containing 0.20 g of Aspirin with 4 mL of ethanol (96%) and dilute to 100 mL with water at a temperature not exceeding 10°. (Which translation is right?)
A、精密称取片粉适量（相当于阿司匹林0.20 g），与4mL乙醇（96%）一起振摇，加水稀释至100 mL，操作温度不超过10°C。
B、取片粉适量（相当于阿司匹林0.20 g），加4 mL乙醇（96%）振摇，加水稀释至100 mL，操作温度不超过10°C。
C、取片粉适量（相当于阿司匹林0.20 g），加4 mL乙醇（96%）振摇，加水稀释至100 mL，操作温度在10°C以下。
D、精密称取片粉适量（相当于阿司匹林0.20 g），与4mL乙醇（96%）一起振摇，加水稀释至100 mL，操作温度10°C以上。
22、The drugs under
学习通医药英语
随着全球化的发展，各行各业都需要掌握英语，医学领域也不例外。掌握医药英语对于医学相关职业人员来说尤其重要，因为医学知识需要在全球范围内进行沟通和交流。
为什么需要学习医药英语？
医药英语是一种专业英语，它是医学研究、临床实践和医学教育等领域的共同语言。掌握医药英语可以使医学工作者更好地与世界各地的同行交流，了解不同国家和地区的疾病和治疗方法，拓宽医学知识面。
另外，随着中国加入世界贸易组织和全球化趋势的加速，医药英语也成为了越来越多医学相关职业人员必须掌握的技能。医学研究、药品开发、临床试验等都需要使用英语进行合作和交流。
如何学习医药英语？
学习医药英语需要积累大量的词汇和语法知识，同时要能够理解和运用医学知识。以下是一些学习医药英语的方法：
1. 学习基本的医学词汇
学习基本的医学词汇是学习医药英语的第一步。可以选择一些医学英语词汇书籍或在线学习资源，学习医学相关词汇和表达方法。此外，可以利用学习通等在线学习平台，通过课程学习获得医药英语知识。
2. 多听多说多读多写
语言学习最重要的方法之一是多听多说多读多写。可以参加英语角、与母语为英语的人进行交流、看英语电影、听英语歌曲等多种方式，提高自己的口语和听力水平。同时，多读英文医学资料和论文，提高自己的阅读和写作能力。
3. 参加医学英语培训课程
参加医学英语培训课程是一种快速提高医药英语能力的方法。可以选择在线或线下的培训课程，根据自己的需求和时间进行选择。在医学英语培训课程中，可以学习专业词汇、语法和表达方法，并进行实践和交流。
4. 实践运用
学习医药英语最重要的目的是能够在实践中运用。可以参加国际会议、与国外同行进行交流、进行国际合作研究等方式，提高自己在医学领域中的交流和合作能力。
结语
医药英语是医学领域中必须掌握的技能之一。通过学习基本词汇、多听多说多读多写、参加医学英语培训课程和实践运用等方式，可以提高自己的医药英语能力，增强在医学领域中的竞争力。
学习通医药英语
随着全球化的发展，各行各业都需要掌握英语，医学领域也不例外。掌握医药英语对于医学相关职业人员来说尤其重要，因为医学知识需要在全球范围内进行沟通和交流。
为什么需要学习医药英语？
医药英语是一种专业英语，它是医学研究、临床实践和医学教育等领域的共同语言。掌握医药英语可以使医学工作者更好地与世界各地的同行交流，了解不同国家和地区的疾病和治疗方法，拓宽医学知识面。
另外，随着中国加入世界贸易组织和全球化趋势的加速，医药英语也成为了越来越多医学相关职业人员必须掌握的技能。医学研究、药品开发、临床试验等都需要使用英语进行合作和交流。
如何学习医药英语？
学习医药英语需要积累大量的词汇和语法知识，同时要能够理解和运用医学知识。以下是一些学习医药英语的方法：
1. 学习基本的医学词汇
学习基本的医学词汇是学习医药英语的第一步。可以选择一些医学英语词汇书籍或在线学习资源，学习医学相关词汇和表达方法。此外，可以利用学习通等在线学习平台，通过课程学习获得医药英语知识。
2. 多听多说多读多写
语言学习最重要的方法之一是多听多说多读多写。可以参加英语角、与母语为英语的人进行交流、看英语电影、听英语歌曲等多种方式，提高自己的口语和听力水平。同时，多读英文医学资料和论文，提高自己的阅读和写作能力。
3. 参加医学英语培训课程
参加医学英语培训课程是一种快速提高医药英语能力的方法。可以选择在线或线下的培训课程，根据自己的需求和时间进行选择。在医学英语培训课程中，可以学习专业词汇、语法和表达方法，并进行实践和交流。
4. 实践运用
学习医药英语最重要的目的是能够在实践中运用。可以参加国际会议、与国外同行进行交流、进行国际合作研究等方式，提高自己在医学领域中的交流和合作能力。
结语
医药英语是医学领域中必须掌握的技能之一。通过学习基本词汇、多听多说多读多写、参加医学英语培训课程和实践运用等方式，可以提高自己的医药英语能力，增强在医学领域中的竞争力。
