中国大学Synthetic Biology课后答案(mooc2023课后作业答案)
83 min read中国大学Synthetic Biology课后答案(mooc2023课后作业答案)
A test for chapter 1
1、中国作业The大学答案答案 research contents of Synthetic Biology include
A、Synthesis 课后课后and modularization of biomacromolecules.
B、synthesis,中国作业 simplification and reconstruction of biological genomes.
C、systhesis 大学答案答案of anabolic network.
D、design and construction of genetic circuits.
E、课后课后cell population system and multicellular system.
2、中国作业The大学答案答案 3 main features of Synthetic Biology are
A、characteristics of engineering.
B、课后课后Extensive use of mathematical simulation tools.
C、中国作业Features of standard parts.
D、大学答案答案characteristics of contribution and sharing.
E、课后课后network analysis 中国作业is one of its core contents.
3、Compared with Genetic Engineering,大学答案答案 the features of Synthetic Biology include
A、Characteristics of engineering.
B、课后课后Extensive use of mathematical simulation tools.
C、Features of standardized parts.
D、Characteristics of interdisciplinary subject.
E、Network analysis is one of its core contents.
4、What are the applications of Synthetic Biology in the field of biomedicine?
A、development natural medicines.
B、design immune cells.
C、development of diagnostic kits.
D、development and production of vaccines.
E、individualized medicine.
5、What does biosafety include?
A、The harm caused to researchers by the leakage of synthetic organisms.
B、Damage to the public environment caused by leakage of synthetic organisms.
C、The use of Synthetic Biotechnology to synthesize deadly pathogens for use in terrorist attacks.
D、Biochemical warfare with synthetic biotechnology.
E、Synthesis of new or extinct species by means of synthetic biotechnology to increase biodiversity.
6、Principles proposed by the President's committee on bioethics for the development of Synthetic Biology include
A、Principle of public benefit
B、principle of responsibility management
C、principles of academic freedom and responsibility
D、principle of democratic evaluation
E、principles of fairness and justice
7、According to function, genetic circuits can be divided into logical genetic circuits and functional genetic circuits.
8、Synthetic Biology can design and construct biological systems that do not exist in nature.
9、Synthetic Biology is a typical paradigm of the convergence research.
10、Convergence technology is a new method in the field of biomedicine.
11、Synthetic Biology has huge potential dangers, such as making biochemical weapons, like viruses, so human should not develop it.
12、Once the knowledge of Synthetic Biology is abused by people with ulterior motives, if it is not the will of the scientist, the scientist can take no responsibility.
Write a small paper to answer the following three questions, no less than 500 words.
1、Write a small paper to answer the following three questions (no less than 500 words). Q1: If there is a real terrorist attack with a biological weapon, what do you think are the possible ways of attack? How should each type of attack be dealt with? Q2: Which sites are the main targets of terrorist attacks? How can we strengthen our defenses against attack to protect these targets? Q3: what is the magic weapon to combat/restrain potential bioterrorist attackers? How shall we deter and disrupt the threat of bioterrorism?
Chapter 2 Standard synthetic biological system
A test for chapter 2
1、What kind of genes are usually initiated for expression by constitutive promoter?
A、reporter gene
B、luxury gene
C、housekeeping gene
D、resistance gene
E、stress protein gene
2、The regulatory sequence binding to a repressor protein is called
A、RBS
B、operon
C、promoter
D、operator
E、SD sequence
3、The wrong statement about the ribosomal binding site is:
A、The ribosomal binding site, abbreviated as RBS, is an RNA sequence that binds to ribosomes.
B、The ribosomal binding site in prokaryotes is also known as SD sequence.
C、The ribosomal binding site in prokaryotes is rich in purine structure and can bind to the 16srRNA 3 '-end rich in pyrimidines.
D、The strength of the binding of RBS to the ribosome depends on its own structure and the distance between it and AUG.
E、Ribosomal binding sites can initiate gene transcription.
4、Regarding the description of system, which one is wrong?
A、System is a more complex cascade of multiple devices, or regulatory network.
B、Different devices can be physically connected in series, parallel, feedforward and feedback to form a System.
C、Transcriptional level regulation network is a common system.
D、Gene oscillator, pulse generator and feedback loop belong to the systems.
E、Several biological modules can form a system.
5、About the descriptions of biological module, which one is wrong?
A、Biological module is a set of intracellular localized biological devices.
B、Biological module performs specific complex functions.
C、Like part, device, and system, the biological module is a hierarchy inside cells.
D、Biological module is a concept proposed to reduce the complexity of synthetic biological systems. It emphasizes "functional independence".
E、Biological modules in cells are often pathways with specific functions, such as metabolic pathway or signal transduction pathway.
6、Which level is RIPS used for a standardized measurement?
A、transcriptional level
B、translational level
C、metabolic level
D、replication level
E、signal transmission level
7、Standardization of biological systems includes
A、Physical standardization of assembly parts
B、Standardization of quantitative analysis of biological functions
C、Registry of standard parts
D、Standardization of decoupling methods
E、Standardization of system operation
8、The concepts involved in the engineering research strategy of Synthetic Biology are
A、standardization
B、hierarchy
C、decoupling
D、connection
E、abstraction
9、Some tools of Synthetic Biology which are different from that of Genetic Engineering include:
A、isocaudamer
B、PCR
C、de novo synthesis of DNA
D、standardization
E、abstraction
10、The hierarchy of synthetic biological systems include
A、Module
B、Part
C、System
D、BioBrick
E、Device
11、In the followings, which do you think are parts?
A、reporter gene
B、replicon
C、restriction site
D、selective marker
E、primer sequence
12、The common devices include
A、Protein generator
B、Converter
C、Genetic switch
D、Receiver
E、Logic gate
13、Regarding the descriptions of BioBrick, which are correct?
A、Biobrick is a standardized biological part.
B、BioBrick may be large or small, and part, device or system can be a kind of BioBrick.
C、BioBricks have standard restriction sites.
D、BioBricks are the basic units of synthetic biological systems that can be connected to each other.
E、Biological modules can also be BioBricks.
14、Which of the followings are composite parts?
A、Protein generator
B、Inverter
C、RBS
D、promoter
E、enhancer
15、What restriction enzymes sites are there in the prefix and suffix of a standard BioBrick?
A、PstI
B、XhoI
C、EcoRI
D、XbaI
E、SpeI
16、Common reporters include
A、GFP
B、LacZ
C、LacY
D、LacA
E、luciferase
17、Standard quantification system involves
A、standard prefix and suffix
B、technical progress
C、reporter genes
D、PoPS
E、RIPS
18、β-galactosidase is one of the most commonly used and mature reporters. Its main uses include
A、to study the promoter efficiency and the effect of promoter mutation on the expression efficiency.
B、to study the functions of regulatory sequences in the system, such as RBS, enhancer, etc.
C、to measure the expression characteristics of vectors and the influence of exogenous substances on expression regulation.
D、to study the expression and its rules of foreign genes in the form of fusion gene.
E、to study where proteins are expressed in cells.
19、For a chassis organism, the inherent "noise" includes
A、Different cell cycle
B、Different cell size
C、Different nutritional status
D、Different cellular genetic background
E、Randomness of transcription or translation
20、About descriptions of PoPS, which are right?
A、It is a measurement of gene transcription, serving as a universal signal carrier for transcription level.
B、In the gene circuit, PoPS correspond to electrical current in the circuit.
C、PoPS is the number of RNA polymerase passing through a point on a DNA molecule per second.
D、PoPS is also known as PAR which refers to the number of RNA polymerase arriving at a specific DNA site per second.
E、The concept of PoPS could standardize the characterization of genetic circuits.
21、The bottom up research strategy is mainly used in the analysis phase.
22、Decoupling and abstraction are the research methods in the analysis stage.
23、Standardization runs through the research of Synthetic Biology.
24、Decoupling is the process of simplifying complex problems, that is, decomposing complex problems into simple problems and decomposing complex systems into simple elements.
25、The standardization of synthetic biological systems includes the definition and characterization of biological functions, the establishment of methods for identifying biological parts, the measurement of biological parts, and the registration of standard biological parts.
26、Standardization is a key part of all engineering subjects.
27、The sequence of DNA involved in the initiating gene expression is called a promoter.
28、Promoters can be divided into constitutive promoters and regulatory promoters.
29、Terminators can completely stop transcription, making RNA polymerase fall off from the DNA template.
30、Transcription terminators include UAA, UAG and UGA.
31、Part refers to the DNA sequence with a certain function, which is the most basic biological building block.
32、Biological devices are also regarded as composite parts.
33、BioBricks are standard biological parts. Like the standard parts in other industries, Biobricks can be connected with each other, or they can be disassembled and reassembled with other parts.
34、A standard BioBrick cannot have EcoRI restriction site between the prefix and suffixe.
35、In a gene circuit, the promoter acts as a battery and can produce RIPS flow.
36、The development of standardized measurement system is helpful for the standardized characterization of biological building blocks.
37、Reporter genes can be used to indicate not only the amount of gene expression, but also the sites of the expressed proteins.
Chapter 3 Basic logics in synthetic biological system
A test for chapter 3
1、Regarding the descriptions of SIM, which one is wrong?
A、SIM is a logic structure that the output of the main module serves as the input of the lower sub-modules.
B、There is usually only one main module, but multi sub-modules.
C、Coexpression of a group of genes can be realized.
D、The sequence expression of a group of genes can be realized.
E、The product of the main module can only be an activator, not a repressor.
2、The descriptions about the MIM structure, which one is wrong?
A、The MIM module is also a structure in series.
B、MIM represents a group of regulatory factors jointly regulate a group of genes.
C、MIM is equivalent to a logic gate array, which controls downstream modules after multiplexing for combined operations.
D、Multiple regulators must be consistent in their regulation for downstream genes, otherwise resources would be wasted.
E、MIM structures are very common in both transcriptional and neural networks.
3、Regarding the descriptions of feedforward in the genetic circuit, which one is wrong?
A、Feedforward is the control structure that the upstream gene can regulate the downstream gene through direct and indirect pathways.
B、The feedforward structure includes coherent feedforward and incoherent feedforward.
C、In the coherent feedforward, the two pathways have the same regulating effects on the output module.
D、The coherent feedforward includes "AND" gate or "OR" gate structures.
E、Similar to feedback, feedforward is also a form of control when the output of the module is deviated.
4、The regulatory sequence of the lactose operon includes:
A、Promoter
B、Operator
C、LacZ
D、LacI
E、CAP binding site
5、The logic topological structures of the genetic circuit include:
A、Feedforward
B、Feedback
C、Series
D、Parallel
E、logic gates
6、In the following descriptions, which are correct?
A、The C1-FF structure with "AND" gate can be regarded as a "signal sensitivity delay" unit.
B、The C1-FF structure with the “OR” gate can be regarded as a persistence detection unit.
C、Incoherent feedforward I1-FF can be regarded as a pulse generator.
D、Incoherent feedforward I1-FF can be regarded as a response accelerator.
E、Both feedback inhibition and incoherent feedforward I1-FF have the function of accelerating response.
7、About the statements of feedback, which are correct?
A、Feedback is also called feedback loop.
B、Feedback is divided into positive feedback and negative feedback.
C、Positive feedback is more stable than negative feedback.
D、Feedback structure makes the regulation of gene circuit more accurate.
E、Feedback regulation exists in gene expression and metabolic pathways.
8、About the descriptions of feedforward and feedback, which are correct?
A、There can be both feedforward and feedback in a system.
B、Feedforward take control measures before deviation occurs, while feedback takes corrective measures after deviation occurs in the system.
C、Both feedforward and feedback can form loops, so they are also called feedforward loop and feedback loop respectively.
D、Feedforward and positive feedback have the same effect that can increase the output of the final product.
E、Both feedback and incoherent feedforward I1-FF have the function of accelerating response.
9、The similarities between computer systems and biological systems are:
A、Both have logic gate structures.
B、Both have the ultimate carriers, which are the binary code of 0 and 1, and the four bases of ATCG, respectively.
C、Both have positive and negative feedback regulations.
D、Both have distinct hierarchy structures.
E、Both can be assembled.
10、Regarding the descriptions of logic gate structures of synthetic biological systems, which are correct?
A、In the logic structure of the "AND" gate, all conditions must be met to turn on the gene.
B、Activators and inducers can form genetic circuit of "AND" gate structure.
C、In the genetic circuit of arabinose, the "AND" gate structure is formed by AraC protein and arabinose.
D、In the “OR” gate genetic circuit, the gene switch can be turned on if only one condition is met.
E、"NOT" gate can change the output signal only one input signal is needed, so "NOT" gate is also called an inverter.
11、The lactose operon is composed of structure genes including LacZ, and regulatory sequences including LacI.
12、Both single input and multi input are the structures connected in series.
13、The characteristic of single input SIM is that the order in which the submodules expressed is consistent with their functions.
14、The SIM structure can realize the co-expression of genes, as well as the sequence expression of genes.
15、The important difference between feedforward and feedback is that feedforward takes control measures before deviations occur, and feedback is corrective action taken after deviations occur.
16、In the genetic circuit, "feedforward" means that the upstream gene influences the downstream gene through two different pathways, direct and indirect pathways.
17、The coherent feedforward structure C1-FF with "AND" logic gate has no delayed response to the ascending stimulation, but has delayed response to the descending stimulation.
18、The coherent feedforward structure C1-FF with "OR" logic gate has delayed response to the ascending stimulation, but has no delayed response to the descending stimulation.
19、The end product of anabolism often regulates its own output through negative feedback.
20、Catabolic intermediates often have a positive feedback effect on metabolic pathways.
21、Generally, positive feedback is beneficial to the catabolism of substances, and negative feedback is beneficial to anabolism.
Chapter 4 Design of basic genetic circuits
A test for chapter 4
1、What type switch does the negative control repression system for the tryptophan operon belong to?
A、toggle switch
B、biphasic switch
C、riboswitch
D、Inverter switch
E、antiswitch/allosteric riboregulator
2、Which switch in the followings have the memory function?
A、Bistable switch
B、Biphasic switch
C、Riboswitch
D、Inverter switch
E、Antiswitch/allosteric riboregulator
3、In the quorum sensing system, which one serves as the signal molecule?
A、LuxI
B、LuxR
C、AHL
D、aTc
E、IPTG
4、In the quorum sensing system, the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of signal molecule is:
A、AHL
B、LuxI
C、LuxR
D、aTc
E、IPTG
5、What logic structure is involved in the genetic circuit of the pulse generator?
A、Positive feedback
B、Negative feedback
C、Incoherent feed forward
D、Coherent feed forward
E、"AND" gate
6、The genetic circuit that is constructed on the basis of time response is:
A、Cell population control system
B、Gene oscillator
C、Edge detector
D、Cell population pattern formation system
E、Pulse generator
7、The genetic circuit that is constructed on the basis of spatial response is:
A、Cell population control system
B、Gene repressilator
C、Inverter switch
D、Cell population pattern formation system
E、Pulse generator
8、What logic gate is used in the genetic circuit of Dark sensor?
A、“AND” gate
B、“OR” gate
C、“NOT” gate
D、“NAND” gate
E、“NOR” gate
9、Edge detector does not involve:
A、GFP
B、AHL
C、LuxR
D、CI
E、LacZ
10、The regulation switches for gene expression at the transcriptional level are:
A、toggle switch
B、biphasic switch
C、riboswitch
D、inverter switch
E、antiswitch/allosteric riboregulator
11、Inverter switch includes:
A、positive control activation
B、positive control repression
C、negative control activation
D、negative control repression
E、activation after repression
12、About biphasic switch, which descriptions are correct:
A、Biphasic switch is realized through a biphasic operon OR.
B、λ phage maintains the lysogenic state using a biphasic operon OR.
C、Biphasic switch includes positive regulation and negative regulation.
D、It is the regulation of CI protein to its own CI gene.
E、Repressor protein CI has three adjacent binding sites OR1, OR2 and OR3.
13、Riboswitch involves:
A、taRNA
B、crRNA
C、hairpin structure
D、ta promoter
E、cr promoter
14、The working principle of riboswitch involves：
A、negative feedback
B、positive feedback
C、cis-repression
D、trans-activation
E、feedforward
15、How many converters connected in series can achieve the function of gene repressilator?
A、1
B、2
C、3
D、4
E、5
16、The pulse generator involves:
A、AHL
B、TetR
C、LuxR
D、LuxI
E、CI
17、In the pulse generator, LuxR regulation of the target gene includes:
A、Direct activation
B、Indirect activation
C、Direct inhibition
D、Indirect inhibition
E、First activation, then inhibition
18、Which genetic circuits are based on the quorum sensing mechanism:
A、Cell population control system
B、Gene repressilator
C、Edge detector
D、Cell population pattern formation system
E、Pulse generator
19、The logic gates used in the genetic circuit of the edge detector are:
A、"OR" gate
B、"NOT" gate
C、"AND" gate
D、A mixture of "AND" gate and "NOT" gate
E、A mixture of "OR" gate and "NOT" gate
20、What functions can be realized by expressing positive and negative modulators and decoy zippers on the platform of engineered scaffold proteins:
A、Pulse generator
B、Accelerator
C、Edge detector
D、Delay response
E、Ultrasensitive switch
21、Both riboswitch and antiswitch/allosteric riboregulator undergo the RNA conformation change to achieve the switching function.
22、When an effector is present, the antiswitch/allosteric riboregulator turns on the expression of genes.
23、taRNA can turn on an RNA switch to express genes.
24、Gene repressilator is a kind of gene regulation mechanism with characteristic that gene expression shows periodic oscillation.
25、The response curve of the 1-stage transcriptional cascade is closer to the step response and more sensitive to signal input than that of the 3-stages cascade.
26、The inverter switch is named because that the output is the conversion function for the input. If the input is low, the output is high, and vice versa.
27、Inverter switch includes positive control activation system and negative control repression system.
28、A positive control repression refers to the presence of effector molecules inactivates the activator protein, and the gene is not transcribed.
29、A negative control repression system refers to the presence of an effector inactivates the repressor protein, and the gene is transcribed.
30、Biphasic switch can control gene expression in two directions.
31、When the concentration of CI protein is high, it has a positive regulation effect on itself (turning on the gene switch).
32、Bistable switch is also called toggle switch, which is composed of two promoters.
33、Only by the transient inducing factor change, can the gene be switched to another steady state, which can be maintained after the input signal is removed.
34、Riboswitch is mainly involved in regulating the metabolism of basic substance such as vitamins, amino acids and nucleotides.
35、The inverter switch regulates gene expression faster than the riboswitch does.
36、The rate of taRNA binding to crRNA determines the concentration of gene expression products.
37、In biological system, pulse signal is an important synchronous clock signal.
38、Pulse generator is constructed based on the quorum sensing mechanism.
39、The generation of pulse signal depends on the additional external signal AHL, while the gene repressilator oscillates gene expression without the need for an external signal molecule.
40、Using engineered synthetic scaffold proteins as spatially localized signal nodes can realize reconfigurable artificial signaling pathways.
Online Project Design
Project Design
1、Please use the knowledge of synthetic biology, try to solve a problem you are interested in. Medicine, environment, energy, agriculture, materials, etc. are inclusive. The project should include background introduction, project design ideas, technical route, expected results and references, at least 2000 words.
学习通Synthetic Biology
合成生物学是一门交叉学科，将工程学、生物学和计算机科学相融合。它旨在通过设计和构建新的生物系统、设备和分子来解决现实中的问题。例如，可以通过设计微生物来生产生物燃料、药物、食品添加剂等。
学习通Synthetic Biology是一个在线学习平台，致力于教授合成生物学基础知识和技能。通过该平台，您可以学习到以下内容：
基础知识
学习通Synthetic Biology将教授您关于生物学、工程学和计算机科学的基础知识，包括基因组学、蛋白质工程、系统生物学等。这些知识将帮助您了解生物学系统的基本工作原理以及如何设计和调节它们。
实验技能
学习通Synthetic Biology将通过视频教程和实验说明书教授您实验技能。您将学习如何进行基因克隆、基因表达、蛋白纯化等实验，以及如何使用合成生物学工具和技术来构建新的生物系统。
项目设计
通过学习通Synthetic Biology，您将学习到如何设计和实施合成生物学项目。您将学习如何选择和设计适合您项目的生物系统、设备和分子，并将学习到如何测试和优化您的系统。
应用领域
学习通Synthetic Biology将向您介绍合成生物学在生物医学、能源、环境保护等领域的应用。您将学习到如何利用合成生物学技术解决现实中的问题，并了解到合成生物学未来的应用前景。
结语
学习通Synthetic Biology是一个很好的在线学习平台，能够帮助您掌握合成生物学的基础知识和技能。如果您对合成生物学感兴趣，建议您去学习一下。
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A.《道德经》里“绝学无忧”中的“绝”是指：
B.鼠标捕捉时，圆心的符号是什么
C.在沟通中，一个人的初始可信度不高，后天可信度也一定不高。
D.列卵巢癌的CT表现中，不正确的是
下列选项中，属于我国古代医德传统内容的是：
A.自愿地为对方承担责任是爱情的本质体现（）
B.体前变向运球不一定非要换手。
C.形态学上无法辨认的是什么细胞
D.阿城的“三王”指的是（ ）。
《怀仁集王羲之书圣教序》中序文的撰写者是：
A.薛焰的二人台作品在出版时的反复修改主要体现了剧作家的艺术追求。
B.关于构图中的点、线、面，描述不正确的是___。_
C.细胞在不同的状态下细胞膜对不同离子的通透性不一样
D.工业用地依据其对环境的污染干扰程度，分为（）类。
遇到从未打过交道的那类人时，能促进有效沟通的方式包括：
A.第Ⅱ象限直线,象限角R与方位角α的关系为( )。
B.b60224ffbb8c4352822ca892264696af.png
C.无领导小组讨论由7-9人组成一个临时小组
D.38．Pussyfoot是一种（）。。
