尔雅Essential University Physics章节答案(学习通2023课后作业答案)

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Chap1 Translational Motion

test1.Translational Motion

1、尔雅
A、章节x-component>0，答案y-component>0
B、学习x-component>0，通课y-component<0
C、后作x-component<0，业答y-component>0
D、尔雅x-component<0，章节y-component<0

2、答案
A、学习piont P
B、通课piont Q
C、后作point R
D、业答point S

3、尔雅
A、its velocity is zero and its acceleration is zero.
B、its velocity is zero and its acceleration is positive (upward).
C、its velocity is zero and its acceleration is negative (downward).
D、its velocity is positive (upward) and its acceleration is zero.

4、
A、
B、
C、
D、

5、
A、The object is slowing down at a decreasing rate.
B、The object is slowing down at an increasing rate.
C、The object is speeding up at a decreasing rate.
D、The object is speeding up at an increasing rate.

6、
A、at a point between the launch point and the high point of the trajectory.
B、at the high point of the trajectory.
C、at a point between the high point of the trajectory and where it hits the ground.
D、misleading question — the acceleration is the same (but nonzero) at all points along the trajectory

7、
A、speeding up and following a curved path.
B、speeding up and moving in a straight line.
C、slowing down and following a curved path.
D、slowing down and moving in a straight line.

8、
A、greater than the downward force of gravity.
B、equal to the force of gravity.
C、less than the force of gravity.
D、any of the above, depending on the speed of the elevator.

9、
A、the horizontal force that B exerts on A points to the left.
B、the horizontal force that B exerts on A points to the right.
C、B exerts no horizontal force on A.
D、not enough information given to decide

10、
A、T = w2
B、T > w2
C、T < w2
D、not enough information given to decide

11、
A、the sled will keep moving in a circle.
B、the sled will move on a curved path, but not a circle.
C、the sled will follow a curved path for a while, then move in a straight line.
D、the sled will move in a straight line.

12、
A、the object’s kinetic energy
B、the object’s velocity
C、both of the above
D、none of the above

13、
A、the gravitational force does positive work on it and the gravitational potential energy increases.
B、the gravitational force does positive work on it and the gravitational potential energy decreases.
C、the gravitational force does negative work on it and the gravitational potential energy increases.
D、the gravitational force does negative work on it and the gravitational potential energy decreases.

14、
A、at x = a
B、at x = b
C、at x = c
D、at x = d

15、
A、U = 0 at x = a
B、U is a maximum at x = a.
C、U is a minimum at x = a
D、U is neither a minimum or a maximum at x = a, and its value at x = a need not be zero.

1.2 Motion in Two and Three Dimensions

1、

2、

1.3 Circular Motion and Projectile Motion

1、

2、

1.4 Force and Motion

1、

1.5 Using Newton's Laws

1、

2、

1.7 Conservation of Energy

1、

2、

3、

1.8 Systems of Particles

1、

2、

Chap2 Rotational Motion

test2.Rotational Motion

1、
A、20 kg ? m/s to the right
B、20 kg ? m/s to the left
C、4.0 kg ? m/s to the right
D、4.0 kg ? m/s to the left

2、
A、in case (i)
B、in case (ii)
C、The impulse is the same in both cases.
D、not enough information given to decide

3、
A、the force that the rifle exerts on the bullet
B、the force that the bullet exerts on the rifle
C、both forces have the same magnitude
D、not enough information given to decide

4、
A、the same total momentum and the same total kinetic energy.
B、the same total momentum but less total kinetic energy.
C、less total momentum but the same total kinetic energy.
D、less total momentum and less total kinetic energy.

5、
A、1/9 the KE of block B.
B、1/3 the KE of block B.
C、3 times the KE of block B.
D、9 times the KE of block B.

6、
A、1/9 the KE of block B.
B、1/3 the KE of block B.
C、3 times the KE of block B.
D、9 times the KE of block B.

7、
A、the horizontal component of total momentum
B、the vertical component of total momentum
C、the total kinetic energy
D、two of A., B., and C.

8、
A、the yellow block
B、the red rod
C、they both have the same mass
D、not enough information given to decide

9、
A、0.40 rad
B、0.80 rad
C、1.0 rad
D、2.0 rad

10、
A、P and Q have the same arad and atan.
B、Q has a greater arad and a greater atan than P.
C、Q has a smaller arad and a greater atan than P.
D、P and Q have the same arad, but Q has a greater atan than P.

11、
A、a faster linear speed and a faster angular speed.
B、the same linear speed and a faster angular speed.
C、a slower linear speed and the same angular speed.
D、the same linear speed and a slower angular speed.

12、
A、4 times its initial value.
B、twice its initial value.
C、the same as its initial value.
D、1/2 of its initial value.

13、
A、thin-walled hollow cylinder
B、solid cylinder
C、hollow cylinder
D、two or more of these are tied for fastest

14、
A、K.
B、2K.
C、K/2.
D、none of these

15、
A、m2g = T2 = T1
B、m2g > T2 = T1
C、m2g > T2 > T1
D、m2g = T2 > T1

16、
A、T = w
B、T >w
C、T <w
D、not enough information given to decide

17、
A、the weight of the ball
B、the normal force exerted by the ramp
C、the friction force exerted by the ramp
D、more than one of the above

18、
A、L and K both increase.
B、L stays the same, K increases.
C、L increases, K stays the same.
D、L and K both stay the same.

2.1 Rotational Motion

1、

2、

2.2 Rotational Vectors

1、

2、

Chap3 Oscillatory Motion and Wave Motion

test3.Oscillatory Motion and Wave Motion

1、
A、an automobile crankshaft turning at an increasing angular speed in the engine of a parked car
B、a seagull gliding at a constant angle below the horizontal and at a constant speed
C、a thrown baseball that does not rotate as it sails through the air
D、more than one of the above
E、none of the above

2、
A、less than 0.25 m
B、0.25 m
C、between 0.25 m and 0.50 m
D、0.50 m
E、more than 0.50 m

3、
A、T = w sin θ
B、T = w cos θ
C、T = w/(sin θ)
D、T = w/(cos θ)
E、none of the above

4、
A、the weight of the sign
B、the tension in the cable
C、the vertical force component exerted on the rod by hinge P
D、two or more of these are tied for greatest

5、
A、
B、
C、
D、
E、

6、
A、t = T/4
B、t = T/2
C、t = 3T/4
D、t = T

7、
A、t = T/4
B、t = T/2
C、t = 3T/4
D、t = T

8、
A、t = 0.10 s
B、t = 0.15 s
C、t = 0.20 s
D、t = 0.25 s

9、
A、t = 0.10 s
B、t = 0.15 s
C、t = 0.20 s
D、t = 0.25 s

10、
A、t = T/8
B、T/4
C、t = 3T/8
D、t = T/2
E、more than one of the above

11、
A、t = T/8
B、t = T/4
C、t = 3T/8
D、t = T/2
E、more than one of the above

12、
A、
B、
C、
D、
E、

13、
A、becomes 4 times greater.
B、becomes twice as great.
C、becomes greater by a factor of √2 .
D、remains unchanged.
E、decreases.

14、
A、twice the density.
B、the same density.
C、1/2 the density.
D、1/4 the density.
E、1/8 the density.

15、
A、the block of ice
B、the block of iron
C、Both experience the same buoyant force
D、The answer depends on the density of the fluid

16、
A、increases by more than 1000 Pa.
B、increases by 1000 Pa.
C、increases by less than 1000 Pa.
D、is unchanged.
E、The answer depends on the height of the cylinder.

17、
A、greater pressure and greater volume flow rate.
B、greater pressure and the same volume flow rate.
C、the same pressure and greater volume flow rate.
D、lower pressure and the same volume flow rate.
E、none of the above

18、
A、4 times the fluid speed.
B、2 times the fluid speed.
C、the same fluid speed.
D、1/2 the fluid speed.
E、1/4 the fluid speed.

3.1 Oscillatory Motion

1、

2、

3.2 Wave Motion

1、

2、

Chap4 Thermodynamics

test4.1 Thermodynamics

1、
A、The temperature of the rock changes more.
B、The temperature of the water changes more.
C、The temperatures of the water and the rock change equally
D、none of the above

2、
A、It violates the first law of thermodynamics.
B、It violates the second law of thermodynamics.
C、It violates both the first and second laws of thermodynamics.
D、none of the above

3、
A、
B、
C、
D、

4、
A、Convection
B、Conduction
C、Advection
D、Radiation

5、
A、The internal energy
B、The heat added or removed
C、The work done on or by the gas
D、All three of these are equally important.

6、
A、
B、
C、
D、

7、
A、path abc only
B、path adc only
C、both path abc and path adc
D、neither path abc nor path adc
E、The answer depends on what the system is made of.

8、
A、Q > 0, W > 0, and ?U = 0.
B、Q > 0, W > 0, and ?U > 0.
C、Q = 0, W > 0, and ?U < 0.
D、Q = 0, W < 0, and ?U > 0.
E、Q > 0, W = 0, and ?U > 0.

9、
A、Q > 0 and ?U > 0.
B、Q > 0 and ?U = 0.
C、Q = 0 and ?U > 0.
D、Q = 0 and ?U < 0.
E、Q < 0 and ?U < 0.

10、
A、
B、
C、
D、
E、

11、
A、specimen #1
B、specimen #2
C、The answer depends on the particular mass of gas.
D、The answer depends on the particular molar masses.
E、Both C. and D. are correct.

12、
A、increases by a factor of 16.
B、increases by a factor of 4.
C、increases by a factor of 2.
D、

13、
A、the monatomic gas
B、the diatomic gas
C、Both will undergo the same temperature change.
D、The answer depends on the molar masses of the gases.

14、
A、At 500 K the molecules can vibrate, while at 50 K they cannot.
B、At 500 K the molecules cannot vibrate, while at 50 K they can.
C、At 500 K the molecules can rotate, while at 50 K they cannot.
D、At 500 K the molecules can rotate, while at 50 K they cannot.

15、
A、as a liquid or as a vapor, but not as a solid.
B、as a liquid or as a solid, but not as a vapor.
C、as a solid or as a vapor, but not as a liquid.
D、as a solid, a liquid, or a vapor.

test4.2 Thermodynamics

1、
A、48,000 J
B、24,000 J
C、16,000 J
D、9000 J
E、none of the above

2、
A、the specific heat of the substance.
B、the molar heat capacity of the substance.
C、the heat of fusion of the substance.
D、the thermal conductivity of the substance.
E、more than one of the above

3、
A、the temperature of the ice-water mixture increases slightly.
B、the temperature of the ice-water mixture decreases slightly.
C、the temperature of the ice-water mixture remains the same.
D、The answer depends on the rate at which heat flows.

4、
A、The metal is at a lower temperature than the wood.
B、The metal has a higher specific heat than the wood.
C、The metal has a lower specific heat than the wood.
D、The metal has a higher thermal conductivity than the wood.
E、The metal has a lower thermal conductivity than the wood.

5、
A、conduction.
B、convection.
C、radiation.
D、All three of these are equally important.

6、
A、Q > 0 and ?U > 0.
B、Q > 0 and ?U = 0.
C、Q = 0 and ?U > 0.
D、Q = 0 and ?U < 0.
E、Q < 0 and ?U < 0.

7、
A、Q > 0 and ?U > 0.
B、Q > 0 and ?U = 0.
C、Q = 0 and ?U > 0.
D、Q = 0 and ?U < 0.
E、Q < 0 and ?U < 0.

8、
A、Q > 0, W > 0, and ?U = 0.
B、Q > 0, W > 0, and ?U > 0.
C、Q = 0, W > 0, and ?U < 0.
D、Q = 0, W < 0, and ?U > 0.
E、Q < 0, W < 0, and ?U = 0.

9、
A、
B、
C、
D、

10、
A、8000 J
B、6400 J
C、2000 J
D、1600 J
E、400 J

11、
A、54°C
B、27°C
C、13.5°C
D、–123°C
E、–198°C

12、
A、state #1
B、state #2
C、state #3
D、Two of these are tied for highest temperature.
E、All three of these are at the same temperature.

13、
A、
B、
C、
D、
E、

14、
A、path 1
B、path 2
C、path 3
D、|Q| is the same for all three paths.
E、not enough information given to decide

15、
A、is greater than the amount of work done by the gas.
B、equals the amount of work done by the gas.
C、is less than the amount of work done by the gas, but greater than zero.
D、is zero.
E、is negative (heat flows out of the gas).

4.1 Temperature and Heat

1、

2、

4.4 The First Law of Thermodynamics

1、

2、

3、

4.6 The Second Law of Thermodynamics

1、

2、

3、

Final Exam

Final Exam

1、
A、
B、
C、
D、
E、

2、
A、the horizontal force that B exerts on A points to the left.
B、the horizontal force that B exerts on A points to the right.
C、B exerts no horizontal force on A.
D、not enough information given to decide.

3、
A、the sled will keep moving in a circle.
B、the sled will move on a curved path, but not a circle.
C、the sled will follow a curved path for a while, then move in a straight line.
D、the sled will move in a straight line.

4、A nonzero net force acts on an object. Which of the following quantities could be constant?
A、the object’s kinetic energy
B、the object’s velocity
C、both of the above
D、none of the above

5、
A、at x = a
B、at x = b
C、at x = c
D、at x = d
E、more than one of the above

6、
A、1/9 the KE of block B.
B、1/3 the KE of block B.
C、3 times the KE of block B.
D、9 times the KE of block B.
E、the same as the KE of block B.

7、
A、the horizontal component of total momentum.
B、the vertical component of total momentum.
C、the total kinetic energy.
D、two of A., B., and C.

8、
A、P and Q have the same arad and atan.
B、Q has a greater arad and a greater atan than P.
C、Q has a smaller arad and a greater atan than P.
D、P and Q have the same arad, but Q has a greater atan than P.

9、You want to double the radius of a rotating solid sphere while keeping its kinetic energy constant. (The mass does not change.) To do this, the final angular velocity of the sphere must be
A、4 times its initial value.
B、twice its initial value.
C、the same as its initial value.
D、1/2 of its initial value.
E、1/4 of its initial value.

10、
A、K.
B、2K.
C、K/2.
D、none of these.

11、
A、T = w sin θ
B、T = w cos θ
C、T = w/(sin θ)
D、T = w/(cos θ)
E、none of the above

12、An object on the end of a spring is oscillating in simple harmonic motion. If the amplitude of oscillation is doubled, how does this affect the oscillation period T and the object’s maximum speed vmax?
A、T and vmax both double.
B、T remains the same and vmax doubles.
C、T and vmax both remain the same.
D、T doubles and vmax remains the same.
E、T remains the same and vmax increases by a factor of .

13、
A、t = T/4
B、t = T/2
C、t = 3T/4
D、t = T

14、
A、t = T/8
B、t = T/4
C、t = 3T/8
D、t = T/2
E、more than one of the above

15、
A、4 times the fluid speed.
B、2 times the fluid speed.
C、the same fluid speed.
D、1/2 the fluid speed.
E、1/4 the fluid speed.

16、
A、Q > 0, W > 0, and ?U = 0.
B、Q > 0, W > 0, and ?U > 0.
C、Q = 0, W > 0, and ?U < 0.
D、Q = 0, W < 0, and ?U > 0.
E、Q > 0, W = 0, and ?U > 0.

17、An ideal gas begins in a thermodynamic state a. When the temperature of the gas is raised from T1 to a higher temperature T2 at a constant volume, a positive amount of heat Q12 flows into the gas. If the same gas begins in state a and has its temperature raised from T1 to T2 at a constant pressure, the amount of heat that flows into the gas is
A、greater than Q12.
B、equal to Q12.
C、less than Q12, but greater than zero.
D、zero.
E、negative (heat flows out of the system).

18、Consider two specimens of ideal gas at the same temperature. Specimen #1 has the same total mass as specimen #2, but the molecules in specimen #1 have greater molar mass than the molecules in specimen #2. In which specimen is the total translational kinetic energy of the entire gas greater?
A、specimen #1
B、specimen #2
C、The answer depends on the particular mass of gas.
D、The answer depends on the particular molar masses.

19、You have a quantity of ideal gas in a cylinder with rigid walls that prevent the gas from expanding or contracting. If you double the rms speed of molecules in the gas, the gas pressure
A、increases by a factor of 16.
B、increases by a factor of 4.
C、increases by a factor of 2.
D、increases by a factor of 21/2.

20、If the pressure of the atmosphere is below the triple-point pressure of a certain substance, that substance can exist (depending on the temperature)
A、as a liquid or as a vapor, but not as a solid.
B、as a liquid or as a solid, but not as a vapor.
C、as a solid or as a vapor, but not as a liquid.
D、as a solid, a liquid, or a vapor.

21、A Carnot engine takes heat in from a reservoir at 400 K and discards heat to a reservoir at 300 K. If the engine does 12,000 J of work per cycle, how much heat does it take in per cycle?
A、48,000 J
B、24,000 J
C、16,000 J
D、9000 J
E、none of the above

22、
A、Q > 0, W > 0, and ?U = 0.
B、Q > 0, W > 0, and ?U > 0.
C、Q = 0, W > 0, and ?U < 0.
D、Q = 0, W < 0, and ?U > 0.
E、Q < 0, W < 0, and ?U = 0.

23、A quantity of an ideal gas is contained in a balloon. Initially the gas temperature is 27°C. You double the pressure on the balloon and change the temperature so that the balloon shrinks to one-quarter of its original volume. What is the new temperature of the gas?
A、54°C
B、27°C
C、13.5°C
D、–123°C
E、–198°C

24、
A、path 1
B、path 2
C、path 3
D、|Q| is the same for all three paths.
E、not enough information given to decide.

25、In an isothermal expansion of an ideal gas, the amount of heat that flows into the gas
A、is greater than the amount of work done by the gas.
B、equals the amount of work done by the gas.
C、is less than the amount of work done by the gas, but greater than zero.
D、is zero.
E、is negative (heat flows out of the gas).

学习通Essential University Physics 简介

Essential University Physics 是一本由Richard Wolfson所著的物理学教材。此教材提供了一种独特的方式来掌握物理学的基本概念和数学表达式。此书旨在适用于大学物理学的入门级课程，并且适用于没有任何物理学背景的学生。该教材通过易懂的语言和示例问题来帮助学生理解物理学的复杂概念。此外，该教材还提供了额外的支持材料，例如教师资源和在线练习，以帮助学生更好地掌握物理学。

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适用对象

Essential University Physics 适用于没有任何物理学背景的学生，特别是大学物理学的入门级课程。如果你是一个对物理学感到困惑或者没有信心的学生，那么这本教材可能会对你有所帮助。此外，Essential University Physics 还适用于那些想要在考试中取得好成绩的学生，因为它提供了大量的实践题和练习题。

总结

Essential University Physics 是一本适用于大学物理学入门级课程的物理学教材。此教材易懂、生动且注重实践，它使用许多真实世界的例子来解释物理学的概念，并提供了大量的实践题和练习题。Essential University Physics 适用于没有任何物理学背景的学生，特别是那些对物理学感到困惑或没有信心的学生。