尔雅Physical Chemistry_1答案(学习通2023题目答案)

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Week 1

Week 1- quiz

1、尔雅Which of the following quantities is 答答案path-dependent?
A、Q+W
B、案学W
C、习通U
D、题目all of the above

2、尔雅Which of the following quantities is 答答案intensive property?
A、volume
B、案学internal energy
C、习通temperature
D、题目mass

3、尔雅Which of the following statements about internal energy is 答答案wrong?
A、U is 案学state function
B、U is 习通an extensive property
C、the absolute value of U is 题目unknown
D、U is path-dependent

Chap 6 Chemical kinetics -4

Chemical kinetics-quiz

1、The?rate?coefficient?of?a?certain?reaction?was?0.231?,?and?the?initial?concentration?of?reactants?was?0.5,?so?the?half-life?of?the reaction?was
A、3 min
B、8.66 min
C、18.78 min
D、50.5 min

2、The?addition?of?a?catalyst?can?change?which?of?the?following?physical?quantities?of?a?chemical?reaction:
A、The?standard?molar?enthalpy?of?the?reaction
B、The?standard?equilibrium?constant
C、The?standard?molar?entropy of the reaction
D、Rate coefficient of the reaction

3、There is a chemical reaction which has only one reactant.?Its?rate?coefficient?k=0.05.The?initial?concentration?of?the?reactant?is?0.4?.?When?the?reaction?rate?drops?to?1/4?of?the?initial?rate,?the?required?time?is:
A、0.5 s
B、1.38 s
C、50 s
D、13.86 s

4、There is?a?consecutive?reaction where?all the elementary steps are in?the same reaction order. The reaction is carried out under constant?volume?condition. If?we want to obtain?the?maximum?yield?of?the?intermediate,?we?shall:
A、Control the appropriate response time
B、Control an appropriate reaction temperature
C、Increase?the?concentration?of?reactant?A
D、Increase the reaction rate

5、For?a?reaction?A→B,?if?the?concentration?of?reactant?A?is?reduced?by?half,?its?half-life?is?also?reduced?by?half,?then?the?reaction order of?this?reaction?is:
A、zero order
B、first order
C、second order
D、third order

6、The?relation?between?the?rate?coefficient?k?of?a?reaction?and?the rate coefficients of each elementary reactions is ,?then the relation between?the?apparent?activation?energy?E?of?the?reaction?and?the activation energy , ,?and? of each?elementary?reaction?is:
A、
B、
C、
D、

7、For?a?first-order gas-phase parallel?reaction:? A?→?B,?A?→?C, where the?pre-exponential?factor, activation energy ,?and all of them are independent?of?temperature. It?is?now?measured?that??is?100?at?298?K,?and?the?value?of??at?754?K?is
A、2500
B、2.5
C、6.2
D、Lack?of?activation?energy?data?and?cannot?be?solved

8、For?secondary?reactions,?the?lower?the?initial?concentration,?the?shorter?the?time?required?when?the?reactants convert the?same?percentage.

9、According?to?the?activated?complex?theory,?the?saddle?point?on?the?potential?energy?surface?is?the?highest?point?of?energy.

10、If?the?rate?of?a?reaction?is?first?order?kinetic,?it?must?be?a?monomolecular?reaction.

Week 2

Week 2- quiz

1、The standard enthalpy of combustion of C5H12 (g) is -3520 kJ/mol, the standard enthalpies of formation of CO2 (g) and H2O (l) are -395 kJ/mol and -286 kJ/mol, respectively. Caculate the standard enthalpy of formation of C5H12 (g):
A、2 839 kJ/mol
B、-2 839 kJ/mol
C、171 kJ/mol
D、-171 kJ/mol

2、The constraint for the equation Qv=DU is
A、closed system, constant V, W'=0
B、closed system, constant p, W'=0
C、constant V, W'=0
D、closed system, constant p

3、Which of the following quantities is zero?
A、(CO2, g, 298 K)
B、 (O2, g, 298 K)
C、 (C, diamond, s, 298 K)
D、 (CO, g, 298 K)

4、At 298.15 K, the relation between DrHm and DrUm for the reaction C2H5OH (l) + 3 O2 (g) ? 2 CO2 (g) + 3 H2O (l) is: DrHm DrUm
A、＞
B、＜
C、=
D、it depends

Week 3

Week 3- quiz

1、A heat engine operates between two temperatures 400 °Cand 50 °C, calculate the maximum efficiency of this heat engine?
A、75.0 %
B、52.0 %
C、25.0 %
D、87.5 %

2、 This equation is true for ideal gas.

3、Cp-Cv=nR. This equation is valid for any gas.

Week 4

Week 4- quiz

1、Which of the following processes (under constant T and p) displays a negative DS?
A、NH4NO3(s) dissolving in water
B、
C、H2O(g) →H2(g) + 1/2 O2(g)
D、Zn(s) + H2SO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + H2(g)

2、Which of the following statements about entropy is wrong?
A、entropy is state function
B、entropy is an extensive property
C、the absolute value of entropy is unknown
D、the unit of entropy is J/K

3、The entropy of a closed system must increase in an irreversible adiabatic process.

Week 5

Week 5- quiz

1、For pure ideal gas, which of the following is positive?
A、
B、
C、
D、

2、The chemical potential of 1 mol of ideal gas at 300 K and 100 kPa is μ1，while that is μ2 at 300 K and 80 kPa. Then μ1______μ2
A、＞
B、＜
C、=
D、it depends

3、The chemical potential of substance B can be defined as

Week 6

Week 6- quiz

1、When benzene and toluene at 300 K and 101.325 kPa are mixed to form an ideal solution, there is a change in
A、V
B、H
C、S
D、U

2、The partial molar Helmholtz energy is defined as

3、In ideal solutions, each component obeys Raoult’s law throughout the whole composition range.

Chap 7 Surface and Interface-2

Surface and interface-quiz

1、The?height?at?which?the?liquid?rises?in?the?capillary?is?inversely?proportional?to:
A、Temperature
B、Surface?tension
C、The radius of capillary
D、Atmospheric?pressure

2、σ and represent surface tension and activity,?respectively.?If?add?surfactant?to a certain solvent at a constant temperature,?and then
A、
B、
C、
D、

3、Under certain?pressure and temperature,? ( ) will affect the material's surface?Gibbs function ΔG.
A、Only?surface?area?A
B、Surface?tension?only
C、Surface area A and surface tension
D、There is no definite functional relationship

4、At room temperature, the additional pressure on a spherical soap bubble with?a?diameter of 0.01 m?(the surface tension is 0.025 N·m)?is:
A、5 Pa
B、10 Pa
C、15 Pa
D、20 Pa

5、In?comparison?with?ordinary?crystals,?the?following?properties?are?described?incorrectly:
A、High?saturated?vapor?pressure?of?the?tiny?crystals
B、High?solubility?of?tiny?crystals
C、Small?crystals?have?a?low?melting?point
D、Small crystals with low solubility

6、Porous silicon?has?strong water absorption performance. After absorbing water, the silicone surface Gibbs free energy ΔG will ( ).?
A、increase
B、decrease
C、have no change
D、not be compared

7、The following description is inappropriate under the condition that the Langmuir?adsorption constant temperature equation satisfies:
A、The?solid?surface?is?uniform
B、The?interaction?between?adsorbent?molecules?is?negligible
C、Adsorption is multimolecular
D、The?adsorption?heat?does?not?change?with?the?adsorption?capacity

8、Inject?a?little?mercury (Hg) into a horizontal glass capillary tube.?The two ends of the horizontal mercury column are convex. If heating the right convex of mercury,?the?mercury in?the capillary will move ( ).
A、to the left
B、to the right
C、to both ends
D、no

9、The?greater?the?intermolecular?force?is,?the?greater?the?surface?tension?is.

10、The?surface tension of solution always decreases with the increase of solution?concentration.

Week 7

Week 7- quiz

1、Calculate the ionic strength I of a 0.010 mol/kg CuSO4 aqueous solution and its mean ionic activity coefficient g± at 298 K. (Hint: Using Debye-Huckel limiting law, when lgg± is used.)
A、0.04 mol/kg，0.392
B、0.04 mol/kg，0.470
C、0.03 mol/kg，0.470
D、0.03 mol/kg，0.392

2、The osmotic pressure of blood plasma (血浆) is approximately 7.5 atm at 37 °C. Estimate the total concentration of dissolved species = and the freezing point of blood plasma. = °C（Hint: the solvent of blood plasma is water, the freezing point constant of water is 1.86 K×kg×mol-1）
A、0.30 mol/L; -0.55 °C
B、0.30 mol/L; 0.55 °C
C、3.00 mol/L; 0.86 °C
D、3.00 mol/L; -0.86 °C

Chap 8 Colloids and macromolecules

Colloids and macromolecules-quiz

1、Alum??is often used to purify water. What is the basic?principle?
A、The?precipitation?effect?of?electrolyte?on?sol
B、Antagonistic?effects?of?electrolytes
C、Sensitization?of?electrolytes
D、Interaction?of?sols

2、At?a?certain?temperature,?for AgI sol with a little excess KI,?the?strongest coagulation ability in the following electrolytes is ( )
A、NaCl
B、
C、
D、

3、A sol is made by mixing 0.08 of KI and 0.1 of solution with the same volume. Then, the?order?of?the?coagulation?ability ?of ,??and? is ( )
A、
B、
C、
D、

4、The arsenic sulfide () sol was prepared by injecting into?dilute arsenate solution, and was excessive. Then the micelle?structure?is ( )
A、
B、
C、
D、

5、The Tyndall phenomenon can be used to distinguish sols from small?molecule dispersion systems.

6、In?the?external?dc?electric?field,?AgI?positive?sol?moves?towards?the?negative?electrode,?while?its?diffusion?layer?moves?towards?the?positive?electrode.

Week 8

Week 8- quiz

1、A reaction, NH4Cl (s) ? NH3 (g) + HCl (g), takes place in a closed container. If initially only NH4Cl (s) was present, and then the reaction is allowed to reach equilibrium. Then, C= ; f= .
A、C=1; f =1
B、C=2; f =2
C、C=2; f =1
D、C=1; f =2

2、NaHCO3（s）in a vacuum vessel decomposed partially to Na2CO3(s), H2O(g) and CO2(g), when it reached the following equilibrium :2NaHCO3(s) =Na2CO3(s)+H2O(g)+CO2(g), which one is true?
A、C=2, P=3, f=1
B、C=3, P=2, f=3
C、C=4, P=2, f=4
D、C=2, P=2, f=2

3、Both T and p have definite values at the triple point for a pure substance.

Chap10 Quantum chemistry

Week 16-quiz

1、光子的静止质量是（ ）
A、零
B、与频率有关
C、大于零
D、不能确定

2、单电子原子的一个激发态ψ3,1,1(r,θ,φ)，其磁量子数m =
A、3
B、1
C、±1
D、2

3、光子的运动质量大小与其频率有关。

4、描述微观粒子的波函数ψ，其含义是表示微观粒子在空间某体积微元内出现的概率。

5、同一能级的不同状态的数目叫能级简并度。

6、多电子原子系统的能量仅由主量子数决定。

7、三粒子的Schr?dinger方程不能精确求解。

Week 11

Week 11- quiz

1、For which of the following sets of values of △H and △S will a reaction be spontaneous only at high temperature?
A、△H=+60 kJ,△S=+19 J/K
B、△H=+60 kJ,△S=-19 J/K
C、△H=-60 kJ,△S=-19 J/K
D、△H=-60 kJ,△S=+19 J/K

2、For chemical reaction aA(g) ＋bB (g) ＝yY (g) ＋zZ (g), ΣνB > 0. When increase the reaction pressure (p↑) , then the equilibrium will
A、shift to the left
B、shift to the right
C、remain unchanged
D、be arbitrary

Chap11 Statistical Thermaldynamics

Week 17-quiz

1、对定域子系统，某种分布所拥有的微观状态数Ω为：
A、
B、
C、
D、

2、对于玻耳兹曼统计分布：
A、玻耳兹曼分布就是最概然分布，它可以代表平衡分布
B、玻耳兹曼分布就是平衡分布，它不是最概然分布
C、玻耳兹曼分布不是最概然分布，它也不代表平衡分布
D、玻耳兹曼分布不是最概然分布，它代表平衡分布

3、O2与HI的转动特征温度Qr分别为2.07K及9.00K。在相同温度下，O2与HI的转动配分函数之比为：
A、0.12：1
B、2.2：1
C、0.23：1
D、4.4：1

4、N2与CO的转动特征温度Qr分别为2.86 K及2.77 K，在相同温度下，N2与CO的转动配分函数之比为：
A、1.03：1
B、0.97：1
C、0.48：1
D、1.94：1

5、

6、理想气体组成的系统属于离域的独立子系统。

7、假设晶体上被吸附的气体分子间无相互作用，则可把该气体系统视为定域的独立子系统。

8、平动配分函数与体积无关。

9、能量标度零点选择不同，粒子配分函数值不同。

10、

11、

final exam

final exam

1、
A、9.08
B、8.09
C、7.09
D、6.08

2、
A、2.88
B、8.28
C、8.82
D、2.08

3、
A、18.18
B、-81.18
C、81.18
D、-18.18

4、
A、-128.8
B、128.8
C、218.8
D、-218.8

5、
A、
B、
C、
D、

6、
A、
B、
C、
D、

7、
A、53
B、35
C、45
D、86

8、
A、45
B、53
C、83
D、35

final exam

final exam

1、
A、9.08
B、8.09
C、7.09
D、6.08

2、
A、2.88
B、8.28
C、8.82
D、2.08

3、
A、18.18
B、-81.18
C、81.18
D、-18.18

4、
A、-128.8
B、128.8
C、218.8
D、-218.8

5、
A、
B、
C、
D、

6、
A、
B、
C、
D、

7、
A、53
B、35
C、45
D、86

8、
A、45
B、53
C、83
D、35

学习通Physical Chemistry_1

学习通Physical Chemistry_1 是一门重要的物理化学课程，是化学专业学生的重要基础课。它涵盖了物理化学领域的各个方面，包括热力学、动力学、量子化学、分子结构、表面化学等等。

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热力学是物理化学的重要分支，它研究热、能量和功的转换关系。学习通Physical Chemistry_1 中，我们需要学习吉布斯自由能、焓、熵等重要概念。吉布斯自由能是一个非常重要的物理量，它可以告诉我们一个系统的稳定性和可逆性。焓是热和功的总和，熵是系统的无序程度。

动力学

动力学是研究化学反应速率、反应机理和反应动力学的一门学科。在学习通Physical Chemistry_1 中，我们需要学习反应速率方程、反应机理和反应动力学等知识。反应速率方程可以告诉我们反应速率的函数关系，反应机理可以告诉我们反应的详细过程，反应动力学可以告诉我们反应速率的大小和影响因素。

量子化学

量子化学是研究分子的量子力学性质和分子结构的一门学科。学习通Physical Chemistry_1 中，我们需要学习分子轨道理论、分子光谱学、电子结构等知识。分子轨道理论可以告诉我们分子的电子构型和反应特性，分子光谱学可以告诉我们分子的内部结构和光谱特性，电子结构可以告诉我们分子的化学键性质。

分子结构

分子结构是研究分子几何构型和化学键性质的一门学科。在学习通Physical Chemistry_1 中，我们需要学习分子构象、立体化学、分子对称性等知识。分子构象可以告诉我们分子的构型和构象间的关系，立体化学可以告诉我们不同立体异构体的特性，分子对称性可以告诉我们分子的对称性和反应特性。

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结语

学习通Physical Chemistry_1 是一门内容丰富、重要性高的物理化学课程。只有深入掌握了这门课程的基本知识和理论，才能更好地理解物理化学领域的其他知识，提高自己的学术水平和研究能力。