中国大学Safety in the Chemical Laboratory课后答案(mooc完整答案)
24 min read中国大学Safety in the Chemical Laboratory课后答案(mooc完整答案)
Test 1
1、中国整答Which is 大学most necessary when dealing with toxic reagents
A、Masks
B、后答Gloves
C、案m案Goggles
D、中国整答Fume hood
2、大学Do not wear（） in inflammable and explosive places
A、后答Cloth shoes
B、案m案Rubber shoes
C、中国整答Spiked shoes
D、大学Sneakers
3、后答which is 案m案bad habit for use of laboratory refrigerator
A、Regular defrosting and cleaning
B、中国整答Disinfect the inner surface regularly
C、大学All chemicals stored shall be marked with the name ,后答 the date and the storer
D、The flammable solution placed in the ordinary refrigerator shall be noted on the door of refrigerator
4、After using reagents in chemical lab, you should to
A、put it back in place immediatel
B、put it in an easy accessing place
C、make up by yourself,when it is insufficient
D、keep the bottle open for easy use next time
5、The wrong statement about MSDS is
A、It describes the measures of self rescue or mutual rescue on site when the operators are accidentally injured
B、It describes the preparation methods of chemicals
C、It describes the physical and chemical properties of chemicals
D、It describes the toxicological information on chemicals
Identification and Classification of Hazardous Chemicals
Test2
1、which the following chemical can be identificated by this symbol
A、Sulfur
B、sodium
C、Silica gel
D、ethanol
2、when using inflammable OR explosive chemicals, which operation is wrong
A、Operate in fume hood
B、Avoid collision
C、Heat by open fire and oil bath
D、Avoid exposure to the sun
3、This is a NFPA 704 symbol， in which blue means
A、Health hazards
B、Flammability
C、Reactivity
D、Special hazards
4、Which is not hazardous chemical
A、Ethanol
B、Potassium permanganate
C、Potassium cyanide
D、Potassium chloride
5、NFPA four color symbol can not show the chemical's
A、Health hazards
B、Physical hazard
C、Environmental hazards
D、Water hazards
Hazardous Chemicals
Test 3
1、All the following medicines except () need to be stored in a special counter by a special person.
A、Potassium cyanid
B、Mercury chlorid
C、Thallium sulfat
D、Formaldehyde
2、The wrong statement about the storage of chemical reagents is:
A、Volatile chemical reagents should be sealed and stored
B、Chemical reagents with conflicting chemical properties or fire extinguishing methods shall not be stored in the same cabinet
C、For easy access, the laboratory can store more commonly used reagents
D、Fire extinguishers, sand buckets and other fire-fighting supplies should be installed in conspicuous places
3、The correct statement about the purchase of highly toxic drugs is:
A、Apply to the school security office and approve the preparatio
B、After approval by the Public Security Burea
C、After approval by the Environmental Protection Agency
D、Purchase through normal channels in designated dangerous chemicals stores
4、If organic chemicals are on fire, the measure to be taken is
A、CO2 Extinguisher
B、High-pressure water gun
C、ABC Fire Extinguisher
D、Cover with damp cloth or sand
5、Which of the following chemicals should not be stored for more than one year, and if exposed to air, peroxides can form when exposed to light
A、Ethanol
B、Tetrahydrofura
C、Ether
D、Phenol
Classification, Storage and Use of Chemicals (Part I)
Test4
1、Where should large quantities of reagents be placed
A、On the reagent shelf?
B、In-laboratory reagent cabinets
C、Under-cabinet?
D、In reagent banks?
2、How the combustion of sublimatable solids such as 2,4-dinitroanisole, naphthalene, dinitro-naphthalene, etc., should be extinguished
A、Extinguishing fires with ABC extinguisher
B、Continuous spraying of water over and around the burning area after the fire was extinguished
C、Extinguish fires with water
D、All of the above.
3、which is incorrect to store of spontaneous combustion reagents
A、Separate storage
B、Storage in a ventilated, cool, dry place
C、Storage on reagent racks
D、Keep away from open fire
4、When receiving and storing chemicals, the following is incorrect
A、Verify that the name indicated on the container is the required chemical
B、Learn and understand chemical hazard labels and symbols
C、Some chemicals should be stored separately
D、Acids and alkaline compounds may be stored in the same medicine cabinet.
5、How should the general chemicals in the chemical laboratory be classified
A、Classification by date of production
B、Subdivision into organic and inorganic fisrt
C、Random Classification
D、Classification by date of acquisition
Classification, Storage and Use of Chemicals (Part II)
Test 5
1、Which is wrong about the storage of magnesium
A、Should be stored in a cool, ventilated and dry place
B、The warehouse lighting and exhaust equipment should use explosion-proof appliances
C、Can be stored in the same warehouse with halogen element
D、Separate storage with oxidants, acids and interacting items
2、How many kinds of non-metallic elements account for all chemical elements?
A、18
B、22
C、25
D、28
3、Which is not correct statement about bromine?
A、Bromine is a dark brown liquid at room temperature, which is very volatile
B、Bromine is highly corrosive to metals, and it can cause an explosion in case of ammonia, hydrogen and other gases
C、When storing bromine in the laboratory, place it in a colorless reagent bottle, add water to form a water seal
D、Bromine shall not be stored in the same warehouse with organic substances, reducing agents and oxidants
4、Which of the following chemicals can cause explosion if stored with mercury?
A、Azide
B、Acetylene
C、Hydrochloric acid
D、Ammonia
5、Which is the correct statement about sodium cyanide?
A、Sodium cyanide is not easy to deliquesce
B、In case of acid, liberate highly toxic gas of hydrogen cyanide
C、High toxic when inhaling trace powder
D、Belong to the category of highly toxic chemicals
Classification, Storage and Use of Chemicals( (Part Ⅲ)
Test 6
1、Hydrofluoric acid is a secondary corrosive inorganic acid, which is less harmful. If it is inadvertently contacted with the skin, it will not cause serious burns.
2、Manganese dioxide will accelerate hydrogen peroxide decompose.
3、When the room temperature is high, some reagents, such as ammonia, etc., can easily flush out the gas-liquid flow when opening the stopper. but it is safe,can use directly.
4、Silver nitrate can be stored without being protected from light.
5、Mercury is very volatile, so it doesn't need to be treated if leakage. Just turn on the ventilation.
Safety and Lab Rules for Organic Chemistry Laboratories
Test 7
1、The following are not hard glass instruments
A、Round bottom flask
B、Measuring cylinder
C、Erlenmeyer flask
D、Three-necked bottle
2、The material added in the reaction flask should not exceed the volume of the flask
A、1 / 2
B、2 / 3
C、3 / 5
D、1 / 3
3、When drying glass instruments in an oven, the instruments to be dried must be placed in the order of
A、From upper layer to lower layer
B、From the lower layer to the upper layer
C、From the middle layer to the upper and lower layer
D、Random
4、The open container can be used to remove or store the liquid with low boiling point.
5、Flammable reagents can be heated by open flame, water bath, oil bath, or heating jacket.
Safe Use of Pressure Vessels
Test8
1、The following description are about several commonly used gases in lab,which is incorrect
A、Hydrogen should be store in a cool and ventilated place，and ensure that the maximum hydrogen content in the air does not exceed 1%.
B、When acetylene cylinders are stored, transported and used the ambient temperature shall not exceed 40℃
C、Nitrous oxide has anesthesia and excitatory effect, commonly known as laughing gas, which is easily decomposed when heated
D、The oxygen cylinder shall be equipped with a cylinder cap in storage and transportation,to prevent grease or dust and mechanical damage
2、Due to improper use, the pressure and temperature in the high-pressure sterilization pot will cause an explosion.
A、Chemical explosion
B、Physical explosion
C、Nuclear explosion
D、Decomposition and explosion
3、Some pressure vessels (such as high-pressure reactors, gas cylinders, etc.) are often used in the lab. Whicih is incorrect
A、Remove pressure bolts carefully under pressure
B、Acetylene cylinders must be equipped with special regulator and backfire preventer when using
C、The cylinder cannot be used horizontally
D、Students use gas cylinders atfer training
4、When using gas cylinders, generally all the gas in the cylinders will be used up before refilling the same kind of gas.
5、When opening the valve, you should stand on the side of the pressure gauge. Do not point your head or body at the valve of the gas cylinder, just in case the valve or pressure gauge rushes out.
Hazards from Lab Water and electric
Test9
1、Which frequency current among the following options is the most harmful to human body?
A、50 Hz
B、400 Hz
C、1000 Hz
D、2000 Hz
2、With the difference of current through the human body, the degree of damage to the human body is also different. Which of the following options is the most harmful to the human body?
A、From one hand to the other
B、From right hand to foot
C、From left hand to foot
D、From one foot to the other
3、Which is not“water- forbidden ” chemicals？
A、Calcium hypochlorite
B、Calcium sulfate
C、Calcium hydride
D、Calcium carbide
4、which one can directly contact with water？
A、Sodium metal
B、Calcium carbide
C、Metal hydride
D、Sulphur powder
5、There are many similar safety considerations when using water-used instruments，which one is incorrect
A、Ensure the water volume is normaland avoid dry burning
B、Check whether there is water leakage regularly
C、Change water regularly for cleaning
D、In case of spillage, clean up after experiment
Safe Use of Lab Instruments
Test 10
1、About operating an X-ray diffractometer, which operation is wrong
A、When the warning light of the shutter is on, open the door and put in the sample carefully
B、Wear goggles during operation
C、Clean up accidentally spilled samples in time
D、Do not directly touch the X-ray window with your hands
2、The function of the metal mesh on the door of the atomic emission spectrometer is
A、Avoid rats biting
B、Anti-theft
C、Prevent the spread and diffusion of optical radiation
D、Prevent damage to the precision parts inside the instrument
3、Who can't get into the MRI lab?
A、Experimental teacher
B、Untrained experimental students
C、People with pacemakers
D、Firemen
4、Which of the following statements is true when using acetylene flame atomization in atomic absorption spectrometer
A、When igniting, air should be introduced first, then acetylene
B、When igniting, acetylene is introduced first,then air
C、When flameout, turn off the air first and then acetylene
D、None of the above is true
5、Electric soldering is a common tool for circuit maintenance, which is wrong when using it？
A、Cut off the power supply in time after use
B、Put back the soldering rack in time
C、Flammable materials can be placed around
D、Avoid scalds when using
Lab Hazardous Wastes (Part II)
Test 11
1、The measures in line with the principle of green chemistry are
A、Improving the preparation method and increasing the atom utilization
B、Experiment miniaturization
C、Replace pure water with cheap tap water
D、Design correlation reaction and make effective use of reaction waste
2、The description of waste liquid tank is correct
A、Waste liquid should be classified and poured into the corresponding waste tank
B、Using waste plastic bottle as waste liquid barrel, green and environmental protection
C、The waste liquid tank should be labeled on the outside, indicating the type and main components of waste liquid
D、Open storage, easy to use
3、The fluorine-containing waste liquid should be stored in a glass container
4、For the inorganic acid waste liquid that does not contain heavy metal ions, the laboratory can collect and carry out the following treatment: slowly pour the waste acid into the excess aqueous solution containing sodium carbonate or calcium hydroxide (or use waste alkali ) Neutralize each other and rinse with plenty of water.
5、In the treatment of azido compound waste residue, acid can be added to generate azido acid, and then diluted with a large amount of water to discharge.
Fire-fighting in Chemical Lab
Test 12
1、Which method should be used to evacuate in the initial stage of fire
A、Take the elevator
B、Evacuate from the safe passage
C、Hide under the bench and wait for firefighters to rescue
D、Run to the roof and call for help
2、The clothes are on fire during the experiment, the best way is
A、Roll on the floor or flush with water
B、Take off clothes while running
C、Call for help while running
D、Take off clothes quickly
3、Evacuation safety exit door of the laboratory building should be
A、The electric door open freely
B、The door open outward
C、The door open inward
D、Electronic key door to ensure drug safety
4、In Chemistry Lab Building, which are the common fire-fighting facilities or equipments
A、ABC type fire extinguisher
B、Dry Sand
C、Fire blanket
D、Water
5、The correct method of extinguishing with a portable fire extinguisher is
A、Unplug the insurance plug
B、Hold the nozzle of the fire extinguisher in one hand
C、A hand-held fire extinguisher and press down the handle
D、Spray at the fierce part of the flame
Final Exam
Final Exam of Safety in the Chemical Laboratory
1、Taking the corrosive liquids in the hot weather, you should ( ). (2 points)
A、touch directly by your hands
B、cover the stopper with a towel firstly
C、wear rubber gloves
D、cover the stopper with paper
2、Which of the following substances should be handled in the fume hood? ( ). (2 points)
A、Hydrogen
B、Nitrogen
C、Helium
D、Hydrogen chloride
3、Which of the following is correct when taking chemical agents? ( ). (2 points)
A、Protective gloves or goggles should be worn when taking corrosive or irritating drugs.
B、When dumping, do not look directly over the mouth of the container.
C、Wear anti-gas gear when opening toxic gas containers.
D、The above all.
4、If the clothes are on fire during the experiment, the best way is to ( ). (2 points)
A、take off clothes quickly
B、roll on the floor or flush with water
C、take off clothes while running
D、call for help while running
5、Some pressure vessels (high-pressure reactors, gas cylinders, etc.) are often used in the lab. Which is incorrect? (2 points)
A、Remove pressure bolts carefully under pressure.
B、Acetylene cylinders must be equipped with special regulator and backfire preventer when using.
C、The cylinder cannot be used horizontally.
D、Students use gas cylinders after training completed.
6、Each bottle of sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide should be moved from the chemicals cabinet to the fume hood, and the right way is: ( ). (2 points)
A、Sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid are transported in the same time, and hydrofluoric acid and sodium hydroxide are transported in the same time
B、Sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid are transported in the same time, and hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide are transported in the same time
C、Sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide in the same transport, hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid in the same transport
D、Sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid should be carried in the same time, and hydrofluoric acid and sodium hydroxide should be carried separately
7、Which of the following substances, when mixed with each other, are not likely to cause a fire? ( ). (2 points)
A、Activated carbon and ammonium nitrate
B、Metal potassium, sodium and kerosene
C、Phosphine, hydrogen silicate, alkyl metal, white phosphorus and other substances under air
D、Flammable substances (wood, fabric, etc.) and concentrated sulfuric acid
8、Which is wrong among the following statements about mixtures? ( ) (2 points)
A、The sulfuric acid solution of chromium trioxide mixes with organic matter and may explode.
B、Ammonia nitrate may burn when mixed with activated carbon.
C、Perchloric acid may explode when mixed with metal salts.
D、Perchloric acid may explode when mixed with hydrochloric acid.
9、When taking and storing chemicals, the following statements are incorrect: ( ). (2 points)
A、Verify that the Chinese name on the container is the required experimental drug
B、Learn and understand chemical hazard labels and drawings
C、Chemicals should be stored separately
D、Organic solvents, solid chemicals, acid, and alkali compounds can be stored in the same cabinet
10、The wrong way about the storage of self-flammable reagents is to ( ). (2 points)
A、store them separately
B、store them in ventilated, cool, and dry place
C、store them in the reagent rack
D、keep them away from open fire and heat source to prevent direct sunlight
11、There are 16 parts of the Chemical Safety Technical Specification (MSDS). The following is not included in the MSDS: ( ). (2 points)
A、fire control measures
B、ecological data
C、regulatory information
D、pathological data
12、Chemical experiments will often contact the reagent bottles with NFPA 704 four-color hazard mark, with a warning diamond to represent. The diamond is divided into four parts by colors, and the blue color means ( ). (2 points)
A、health hazard
B、flammability
C、reactivity
D、specific hazard
13、The organometallic compound tert-butyl lithium is a colorless crystal and is commonly used in n-pentane solutions in laboratories. Lithium tert-butyl is highly flammable and dangerous. Which gas is used for protection during storage? (2 points)
A、Air.
B、Dry nitrogen.
C、Oxygen.
D、Carbon dioxide.
14、What kind of fire do the main combustible materials of wood and paper, animal and plant oils, metals, and charged bodies respectively belong to? ( )
A、A D C F
B、B D E A
C、A F D E
D、C A D B
15、Which following reagent can be marked as the shown hazard sign? ( ) (2 points)
A、Sulfur.
B、Sodium.
C、Silicone.
D、Ethanol.
16、Which of the following is classified as a hazardous chemical in GB 13690-92 (now repealed)? ( ). (2 points)
A、Infectious articles
B、Poisons
C、Radioactive material
D、The above all
17、The following fire fighting method of organic reagents is wrong: ( ). (2 points)
A、cover with a damp cloth
B、use fire sand to extinguish the fire
C、use a dry powder fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire
D、use a foam extinguisher to extinguish the fire
18、The most appropriate description about the role of the cap for high-pressure gas cylinders is ( ). (2 points)
A、to protect the valve from being damaged, prevent dust, grease, and other debris into the cylinder valve
B、to label gas names and properties
C、for beauty
D、for proper labeling of cylinder manufacturing standards
19、In case of an electric shock in the chemistry lab, the most appropriate first aid treatment is ( ). (2 points)
A、to immediately give artificial respiration to the person who is electrocuted
B、to call 120 or the local emergency number immediately, and to wait for emergency services
C、to turn off power immediately, with an insulating material, or to disengage the person who has been electrocuted
D、to use your hands to pull the person to safe place
20、In order to deal with the possible liquid spills during the experiment, the most important measure(s) before the experiment is/are ( ). (2 points)
A、wearing personal protective equipments
B、inquiring the properties of the reagent, checking the experimental equipments, and making a contingency plan
C、getting your cell phone ready, and calling the emergency number as soon as possible
D、wearing sneakers and checking shoelaces, for immediate evacuation
21、The NFPA 704 standard is divided into ( ) ratings, according to the severity of specific hazards of chemicals. (2 points)
A、3
B、4
C、5
D、6
22、The best way to prevent poisoning is to ( ). (2 points)
A、wear a gas mask
B、use the fume hood
C、keep the room well-ventilated
D、use non-toxic or less toxic alternatives
23、According to GHS system and GB13690-2009 standard, chemical hazard is divided into three categories. The following option is not included: ( ). (2 points)
A、physical hazards
B、health hazards
C、environmental hazards
D、toxic hazard
24、After the experiment, to prevent chemical contamination on the skin, the following measure is most appropriate: ( ). (2 points)
A、throwing away worn lab coats
B、washing hands with a neutral detergent
C、washing hands with a weak alkaline liquid, such as a 3%-5% sodium bicarbonate solution
D、drying hands, after washing the glass
25、The following statement is contrary to electrical circuit safety measures: ( ). (2 points)
A、In order to install the new electrical equipment, disassemble and modify the laboratory circuit without permission
B、Check the safety of plugs and power outlets regularly
C、Choose qualified plugs and power outlets
D、Install explosion-proof lights and explosion-proof switches
26、Which of the following measures is not an effective way to prevent aerosol production? ( ) (2 points)
A、Standard operation.
B、Wear a protective mask.
C、Strengthen personnel operating process training.
D、Improved operating techniques.
27、The following statement about using magnetic heating agitators for reflux operation is incorrect: ( ). (2 points)
A、The heating panel of the agitator is separated from the rubber tube connected to the condensing pipe
B、Check the air tightness of the connection between the condensing pipe and the rubber hose
C、The mixer heating panel is separated from the power cord
D、Stop heating (after turning off the power) and touch the heating panel with your hand
28、During the laboratory fire, explosion, and other dangerous accidents, the first step should be to ( ). (2 points)
A、quickly evacuate the lab
B、stay to investigate the cause of the accident
C、call for help
D、cut off the power supply, heat source, or leakage source
29、The following option is not the main contents of the safety valve calibration requirements: ( ). (2 points)
A、Due to the rapid development of science and technology, the safety valve can be used for a long time without calibration
B、The newly installed pressure vessel must verify the safety valve before it is put into use, otherwise it cannot be put into use
C、The safety valve should be calibrated at least once a year
D、Unverified safety valves should not be used
30、About accessing the reagent, the wrong statement is: ( ) (2 points)
A、Do not touch the reagent by hand to avoid health hazards and contamination of the reagent.
B、The bottle stopper should be placed upside down on the table to avoid soiling. After taking the reagent, cover it tightly and put the reagent bottle back to its original place with the label facing outwards.
C、Use a clean spoon for solid reagents. Wash and dry the used spoon before reuse.
D、The excess reagent can be returned to the bottle to avoid waste.
31、In an accident, which action is correct? ( ) (2 points)
A、If you accidentally spill or contaminate chemicals, immediately collect the reagents or clean up the site, so as not to cause danger to others.
B、Anytime seeing sprinkled liquid by others, you should wipe it with a rag, so as to avoid danger.
C、A neutral pH means the liquid is water, and the liquid can be cleaned up by oneself.
D、Carelessly getting the chemical reagent on the clothing and body, immediately flush with plenty of water for 10-15 minutes.
32、Waste organic solvents used in laboratories should not be treated in the following ways: ( ) (2 points)
A、Collect it centrally, and discharge the waste liquid with low hazard level into the sewer.
B、Collect it centrally, and reuse it for less demanding experimental projects.
C、A small amount of residual liquid is placed in a safe open area for full combustion discharge.
D、The waste liquid is sorted and concentrated in the waste liquid bucket.
33、Peroxic acid, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, perchloric acid and its salts, dichromic acid and its salts, permanganate and its salts, benzoic acid peroxide, and phosphorus pentoxide are strong oxidants. Which should be noted when using them? ( ) (2 points)
A、Ambient temperature should not be higher than 30℃.
B、Keep well-ventilated.
C、Do not mix with organic or reducing substances.
D、All of the above.
34、The material of contact lenses is usually ( ). (2 points)
A、plastics
B、alum
C、epoxy resin
D、silicone hydrogel
35、Use ( ) to extinguish fires of sodium, potassium, and other metals. (2 points)
A、fine dry sand
B、water
C、CCl4 extinguisher
D、CO2 extinguisher
36、How should general reagents be classified in the chemical stock? ( ) (2 points)
A、Be classified by production date.
B、First be divided into the organic and inorganic two main categories, and organic reagents be stored according to more careful classfication.
C、Be arranged randomly.
D、Be classified by date of purchase.
37、The following statement about X-ray diffractometer operation is correct: ( ) (2 points)
A、Add the sample when the light brake warning light is on.
B、Do not wear protection glasses.
C、Touch the X-ray tube window with hands.
D、Press the EMO button immediately, if an uncontrollable accident happens during the experiment.
38、The "First Aid Measures" section of the MSDS does not include ( ). (2 points)
A、first aid measures after inhalation and ingestion
B、first aid measures after eye contact
C、first aid measures after skin contact
D、first aid measures after burning
39、The statement about the liquid waste tank is correct: ( ) (2 points)
A、The waste liquid is poured into the same waste liquid bucket.
B、Use waste plastic bottles as waste liquid bucket, green environmental protection.
C、Labels should be pasted on the outside of the liquid waste bucket, indicating the type and main composition of the liquid waste.
D、Open placement, easy to use.
40、The following measure which is not consistent with the Green Chemistry Principles is: ( ) (2 points)
A、Improving the preparation method, to increase the atomic utilization rate.
B、Experimental minimization.
C、Replacing pure water with cheap tap water.
D、Designing associated reactions, to effectively utilize reaction wastes.
41、Which of the following substances have potential explosion hazards, when not properly stored and when mix stored with organic compounds?
A、Dichromate
B、Nitrite
C、Peroxide
D、Carbonate
42、Dangers caused by improper use of gas cylinders mainly include ( ).
A、physical explosion of incombustible gas cylinders
B、buring and explosion of combustible gas cylinders
C、buring and explosion of combustion-supporting gas cylinders
D、asphyxiation, fire, explosion, and poisoning caused by gas leakage from cylinders
43、The treatment methods of organic solid waste generally include ( ).
A、sealed landfill
B、incineration
C、catalysis
D、transfering to a special waste disposal site
44、Some pressure vessels (high-pressure reaction kettle, gas cylinder, etc.) are often used in the laboratory. Which of the following statements are correct?
A、Do not remove the pressing bolt with pressure.
B、When gas cylinder bolts are frozen and can’t be unscrewed, they can be roasted over fire.
C、Install shock-proof gaskets, when moving, storing, and replacing gas cylinders.
D、Students use cylinders without training and without the presence of a teacher.
45、When we use the high voltage and high frequency equipments in the laboratory, we should ().
A、regularly maintain them
B、equip with reliable protective measures
C、connect the device with the ground, if the device requires safe grounding
D、check the circuit regularly, and measure the grounding resistance
46、When we use large quantities of acetylene gas in the laboratory, we should make sure ( ).
A、there is no fire in the room
B、there is no electrical appliances that generate electric sparks in the room
C、the room is airtight
D、explosion-proof lights are used
47、When we need to choose a mask, which statements are not appropriate? ()
A、Wear a dust mask when using non-toxic solid powder.
B、Use a disposable N95 mask when using toxic organic liquids.
C、Gas masks are the first choice when weighing the silicone.
D、Wear a gauze mask to prevent the flu virus.
48、Hazardous chemical labels clearly and succinctly indicate the hazardous characteristics and categories of chemicals, and which the following contents should be contained?
A、Background color
B、Pattern
C、Literal statement
D、Hazard category
49、Which leak detection operations of high pressure gas cylinder are correct?
A、If the high pressure gauge reading decreases, it indicates a leak in the high pressure section of the unloader or in the cylinder valve seat.
B、If the low pressure gauge reading decreases, it indicates a leak in the low pressure section of the unloader or in the piping equipment.
C、If the reading of the high pressure gauge decreases and the reading of the low pressure gauge rises, it means that the regulating screw is leaking.
D、Apply the leak detection solution to the joint. If bubbles continue to produce, it indicates that air is leaking here.
50、Which methods are wrong to store sodium hydroxide solid?
A、Store it in low temperature explosion-proof refrigerator.
B、Place it in a white plastic reagent bottle.
C、Put it in a wide-mouthed glass reagent bottle.
D、Place together with nitric acid in a polypropylene storage cabinet that can store strong acid and strong base.
中国大学化学实验室的安全
化学实验室是大学化学专业学生进行实践操作的主要场所。由于实验操作涉及到各种危险化学品和设备，因此必须注意实验室的安全问题。
实验室的基本安全规则
- 实验室内的任何操作都必须有经验丰富的教师或实验人员指导。
- 进行实验前必须了解实验的危险性和急救措施。
- 实验室内必须保持清洁和整洁。
- 化学实验中不得食用任何食物或饮料。
- 禁止在实验室内吸烟或使用明火。
- 在进行实验时必须保持警觉，防止发生突发事件。
化学品的储存与使用
化学品的储存和使用是化学实验室中的重要环节。正确的储存和使用化学品可以有效地预防安全事故的发生。
化学品的储存
- 化学品应该按照其特性分类储存，分别储存在不同的柜子或仓库中。
- 储存化学品的地方应该干燥、通风、不易起火。
- 储存化学品的地方应该远离明火、热源、静电等容易引起化学反应的物质。
- 储存化学品的容器必须是密闭的，不得使用已破损的容器。
- 储存化学品的容器应该标注清楚其名称、浓度、危险性等信息。
化学品的使用
- 使用化学品前必须认真阅读其使用说明，了解其危险性及其与其他物质的反应情况。
- 使用化学品时应该注意个人防护，如戴手套、护目镜、防护服等。
- 使用化学品时应该遵循正确的操作步骤和实验方法。
- 使用化学品时应该注意实验室内的环境，如温度、湿度等。
- 使用化学品后必须及时清洗实验器具，并将化学品储存到相应的储存地点中。
实验器具的使用与维护
实验器具是进行化学实验的重要工具，正确使用和维护实验器具可以有效地预防实验事故的发生。
实验器具的使用
- 使用实验器具前必须检查其是否破损或失效。
- 使用实验器具时应该按照正确的使用方法进行操作。
- 实验器具的使用必须有经验丰富的教师或实验人员指导。
实验器具的维护
- 实验器具必须定期进行维护和保养。
- 实验器具的维护和保养必须有专人负责，定期检查设备的运行状态。
- 实验器具的维护和保养应该按照设备说明书进行操作。
- 实验器具的维护和保养应该及时处理设备的故障。
实验室事故的急救措施
化学实验室中的安全事故难以避免，但是正确的急救措施可以有效地减少伤害程度。
化学品溅入眼睛
应该立即将受害者带到洗眼器旁，将受害者的头部向下倾斜，用清水或生理盐水冲洗眼睛，洗至少15分钟。
化学品溅入皮肤
应该立即用清水或肥皂水冲洗患处，如果刺激过强应该使用大量温和的清水冲洗，如果化学品烧伤面积较大，应该及时前往医院进行治疗。
化学品误吸或误食
应该将受害者立即送往医院进行治疗。
结论
化学实验室的安全是大学化学专业学生进行实践操作的保障，只有树立安全意识，正确使用和保养实验器具，储存和使用化学品，以及掌握正确的急救措施，才能有效地预防和减少安全事故的发生。
