moocBasic and Clinical Pharmacology课后答案(mooc2023课后作业答案)
68 min readmoocBasic and Clinical Pharmacology课后答案(mooc2023课后作业答案)
Test for Basic Princeples
1、课后课后Supposing passive transport of nonionized forms of the following drugs determines the rate of their absorption,答案答案 which of the following drugs will be best absorbed in the small intestine? (Supposing pH is 6.0 in bowel)
A、Aspirin,作业 weak acid (pKa = 3.0)
B、Ethacrynic acid,课后课后 weak acid (pKa = 3.5)
C、Sulfamethoxazole,答案答案 weak acid(pKa=5.6)
D、Secobarbital,作业 weak acid (pKa = 7.8)
E、The课后课后ophylline, weak base (pKa = 8.8)
2、If 91 percent of quinine，答案答案a weak base,作业 is ionized in the blood, pKa of the drug is approximately (supposing pH is 7.4 in blood)
A、2.6
B、课后课后4.7
C、答案答案6.4
D、作业8.4
E、课后课后9.3
3、答案答案Drugs may be released slowly from various drug reservoirs over long periods of time. The作业 body reservoir that holds the largest amount of the barbiturate thiopental is
A、fat
B、lung
C、liver
D、muscle
E、serum albumin
4、Drug accumulation will occur after repeated injections if a drug is
A、not metabolized by the liver
B、administered intravenously
C、administered at the t1/2 of the drug
D、distributed quickly into the extracellular space
E、significantly protein-bound in the plasma
5、The route of excretion for drugs or their metabolic derivatives that is quantitatively the LEAST significant is which of the following?
A、Biliary tract
B、Kidneys
C、Lungs
D、Feces
E、Milk
6、Oxidizable drugs form a complex with and are oxidized by which of the following iron-containing pigments in the microsomal fraction of liver?
A、Cytochrome a
B、Cytochrome b
C、Cytochrome c
D、Cytochrome c1
E、Cytochrome P-450
7、In the presence of impaired renal function, the time interval between maintenance doses needs to be lengthened for all the following antibiotics EXCEPT
A、ciprofloxacin
B、streptomycin
C、sulfisoxazole
D、chloramphenicol
E、ethambutol
8、If a drug has an elimination half-life (t1/2) of 25 hr and 10 mg is administered intravenously every 12.5 hr, the expected average total body store of drug would be how many times greater than the 10 mg dose?
A、1.5
B、3.0
C、4.5
D、6.0
E、12.0
9、It was determined that 95 percent of an oral 80-mg dose of verapamil was absorbed in a 70-kg test subject. However, because of extensive biotransformation during its first pass through the portal circulation, the bioavailability of verapamil was only 25 percent. Assuming a liver blood flow of 1500 ml/min, the hepatic clearance of verapamil in this situation was
A、60 ml/min
B、375 ml/min
C、740 ml/min
D、1110 ml/min
E、1425 ml/min
10、An enteric-coated dosage form can be used to avoid all the following problems possible from oral drug administration EXCEPT
A、irritation to the gastric mucosa with nausea and vomiting
B、formation of nonabsorbable drug-food complexes
C、unpleasant taste of the drug
D、destruction of the drug by gastric acid or digestive enzymes
E、variability in absorption caused by fluctuations in gastric emptying time
11、Which of the following statements are correct regarding G Proteins
A、A GTP-binding protein (G protein) is located on the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane.
B、Gs proteins can activate their downstream effectors when bound by GTP and also have the ability to hydrolyze GTP.
C、The activated G protein can change the activity of an enzyme.
D、All of the above are correct (A, B and C)
E、The activated G protein cannot change the activity of an ion channel
12、The pharmacokinetic value that most reliably reflects the amount of drug reaching the blood flow after oral administration is the
A、Peak blood concentration
B、Time to peak blood concentration
C、Elimination half-life
D、Volume of distribution
E、Area under the blood concentration-time curve
13、Monitoring the blood levels of a drug is particularly important if
A、Interpatient variability is considerable
B、Therapeutic index of the drug is low
C、Biological effect is difficult to monitor
D、The drug is easily accumulated
E、All of the above
14、Biotransformation reactions classified as nonsynthetic reactions include which of the following?
A、Oxidation
B、Reduction
C、Hydrolysis
D、All of the above
E、dealkylation
15、True receptors that mediate the biological actions of neurotransmitters, hormones, and drugs include certain, EXCEPT:
A、Regulatory proteins
B、Transport proteins
C、Enzymes
D、Plasma proteins
E、Structural proteins
16、Some drugs are transported across lipoid membranes by facilitated diffusion. This is a process that
A、is carrier-mediated
B、can be saturated
C、is selective for certain compounds
D、requires energy to function
E、both A and C
F、both B and D
17、Immunologically mediated drug reaction observed soon after drug administration
A、Supersensitivity
B、Tachyphylaxis
C、Tolerance
D、Hyposensitivity
E、Anaphylaxis
18、Select the transmembranal transport mechanism it best defines that bulk flow of water through membrane pores, resulting from osmotic differences across the membrane, transports drug molecules that fit through the membrane pores
A、Filtration
B、Simple diffusion
C、Facilitated diffusion
D、Active transport
E、Endocytosis
19、Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding Enzyme induction
A、Enzyme induction induces P450 expression by enhancing the rate of its synthesis
B、Enzyme induction induces P450 expression by reducing its rate of degradation
C、Enzyme induction usually results in a decrease in the pharmacologic action of the inducer and also of co-administered drugs
D、Enzyme induction cannot exacerbate metabolite-mediated toxicity
E、Environmental chemicals and pollutants are also capable of inducing P450 enzymes
20、Well-established second messengers include
A、Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP)
B、Phosphoinositides
C、Calcium
D、Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP)
E、All of the above
Autonomic Drugs
Test for Autonimic Drugs
1、Of the many types of adrenergic of adrenergic receptors found throughout the body, which is most likely responsible for the cardiac stimulation that is observed following an intravenous injection of epinephrine?
A、α1-adrenergic receptors
B、α2- adrenergic receptors
C、β1- adrenergic receptors
D、β2- adrenergic receptors
E、β3- adrenergic receptors
2、Applied to the skin in a transdermal patch (transdermal therapeutic delivery system), this drug is used to prevent or reduce the occurrence of nausea and vomiting that are associated with motion sickness.
A、Diphenhydramine
B、Chlorpromazine
C、Ondansetron
D、Dimenhydrinate
E、Anisodamine
3、The nonselective β-adrenergic blocking agent that is also a competitive antagonist at α1-adrenoceptors is
A、Timolol
B、Nadolol
C、Pindolol
D、Acebutolol
E、Labetalol
4、The reversible cholinesterase inhibitor indicated in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease is
A、Tacrine
B、Edrophonium
C、Neostigmine
D、Pyridostigmine
E、Ambenonium
5、A 75-year-old female with CHF is treated with carvedilol. Select the mechanism of action of carvedilol.
A、α-adrenergic agonist
B、α -adrenergic antagonist
C、β-adrenergic agonist
D、Mixed α and β agonist
E、Mixed α and β antagonist
6、A predictably dangerous side effect of nadolol that constitutes a contraindication to its clinical use in susceptible patients is the induction of
A、Hypertension
B、Cardiac arrhythmia
C、Asthmatic attacks
D、Respiratory depression
E、Hypersensitivity
7、The cholinomimetic drug that is useful for treating postoperative abdominal distention and gastric atony is
A、Acetylcholine(ACh)
B、Methacholine
C、Carbachol
D、Bethanechol
E、Pilocarpine
8、Pralidoxime chloride is a drug that
A、Reduces the vesicular stores of catecholamines in adrenergic and dopaminergic neurons
B、Blocks the active transport of choline into cholinergic neurons
C、Reactivates cholinesterases that have been inhibited by organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitors
D、Stimulates the activity of phospholipase C with increased formation of inositol triphosphate
E、Inhibits the reuptake of biogenic amines into nerve terminals
9、Which of the following antimuscarinic drugs is used by inhalation in the treatment of bronchial asthma?
A、Dicyclomine hydrochloride
B、Cyclopentolate hydrochloride
C、Ipratropium bromide
D、Methscopelamine bromide
E、Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride
10、The cholinesterase inhibitor that is used in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis is
A、Edrophonium chloride
B、Ambenonium chloride
C、Malathion
D、Physostigmine salicylate
E、Pyridostigmine bromide
11、Epinephrine may be mixed with certain anestheties, such as procaine, in order to
A、Stimulate local wound repair
B、Promote hemostasis
C、Enhance their interaction with neural membranes and their ability to depress nerve conduction
D、Retard their systemic absorption
E、Facilitate their distribution along nerves and fascial planes
12、The skeletal muscles that are most sensitive to the action of tubocurarine are the
A、Muscles of the trunk
B、Muscles of the arms and legs
C、Respiratory muscles
D、Muscles of the head, neck, and face
E、Abdominal muscles
13、The drug of choice for the treatment of anaphylactic shock is
A、Epinephrine
B、NE
C、Isoproterenol
D、Diphenhydramine
E、Atropine
14、Both phentolamine and prazosin
A、Are competitive antagonists at α1-adrenergic receptors
B、Have potent direct vasodilator actions on vascular smooth muscle
C、Enhance gastric acid secretion through a histamine-like effect
D、Cause hypotension and bradycardia
E、Are used chronically for the treatment of primary hypotension
15、A 60-year-old male with congestive heart failure (CHF) is treated with dobutamine. Select the mechanism of action of dobutamine.
A、α-adrenergic agonist
B、α -adrenergic antagonist
C、β-adrenergic agonist
D、β-adrenergic antagonist
E、Mixed α and β agonist
16、A 58-year-old male with angina is treated with atenolol. Select the mechanism of action of atenolol.
A、α-adrenergic agonist
B、α -adrenergic antagonist
C、β-adrenergic agonist
D、β-adrenergic antagonist
E、Mixed α and β agonist
17、A 35-year-old male with a pheochromocytoma is treated with labetalol. Select the mechanism of action of labetalol.
A、α -adrenergic antagonist
B、β-adrenergic agonist
C、β-adrenergic antagonist
D、Mixed α and β agonist
E、Mixed α and β antagonist
18、Neostigmine will effectively antagonize skeletal muscle relaxation produced by
A、Pancuronium
B、Succinylcholine
C、Diazepam
D、Baclofen
E、Nicotine
19、A male patient is brought to the emergency department(ED) following ingestion of an unknown substance. He is found to have an elevated temperature, hot and flushed skin, dilated pupils, and tachycardia. Of the following, which would most likely cause these findings?
A、Propranolol
B、Methylphenidate
C、Prazosin
D、Guanethidine
E、Atropine
20、Which of the following agents should a patient take for a stuffy, runny nose?
A、Oxymetazoline
B、Albuterol
C、Clonidine
D、Terbutaline
E、Metoprolol
Cardiovascular-Renal Drugs
Test for Cardiovascular-Renal Drugs
1、Which of the following is useful for sinus bradycardia and AV conduction block caused by digoxin toxicity?
A、potassium chloride
B、atropine
C、lidocaine
D、phenytoin
E、quinidine
2、A 75-year old female in congestive heart failure (CHF) is unable to climb a flight of stairs without experiencing shortness of breath. Digoxin is administered to improve cardiac muscle contractility. Within two weeks, she has a marked improvement in her symptoms. What cellular action of digoxin accounts for this?
A、inhibition of cyclic adenosine 5’-monophosphate (cAMP) synthesis
B、inhibition of mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) release
C、inhibition of the sodium (Na+) pump
D、inhibition of β –adrenergic stimulation
E、inhibition of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) degradation
3、A 59-year old male with a history of rheumatic heart disease is found to have atrial fibrillation (AF), for which he is treated with digoxin. Treatment with digoxin converts his AF to a normal sinus rhythm and most likely results in a decrease in which of the following?
A、the length of the refractory period
B、the velocity of shortening of the cardiac muscle
C、the conduction velocity in the atrioventricular (AV) node
D、the atrial maximum diastolic resting potential
4、Which of the following drugs can change the characters of action potential as moderate phase 0 depression; slow conduction and prolonging repolarization.
A、propranolol
B、propafenone
C、quinidine
D、lidocaine
E、verapamil
5、Which of the following drugs can change the characters of action potential as: mainly affecting phase 3 and prolonging repolarization
A、propranolol
B、amiodarone
C、quinidine
D、lidocaine
E、verapamil
6、In a patient who has had attacks of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, an ideal drug is:
A、quinidine
B、procainamide
C、lidocaine
D、nifedipine
E、verapamil
7、Furosemide inhibits the sodium-potassium-dichloride (NA, K, 2Cl) co-transporters that are located in the
A、Collecting duct
B、Ascending limb of the loop of Henle
C、Descending limb of the loop of Henle
D、Proximal tubule
E、Distal convoluted tubule
8、A 35-year-old male has renal stones and increased calcium(Ca) in the urine that is associated with normal serum Ca and parathyroid hormone levels. Which of the following agents could be used to treat this patient?
A、Furosemide
B、Acetazolamide
C、Triamterene
D、Hydrochlorothiazide
E、Vasopressin
9、An 83-year-old male has been effectively treated with hydrochlorothiazide to control his elevated blood pressure. He has had a recent onset of weakness. Blood chemistry analysis reveals a K+ of 2.5mEq/L. Another drug is added, and one month later his serum K+ is 4.0mEq/L. What is this drug?
A、Acetazolamide
B、Amiloride
C、Furosemide
D、Hydrochlorothiazide
E、Mannitol
10、Agents that depress circulating angiotensin Ⅱ levels include which of the following drugs?
A、Hydralazine; Propranolol
B、Propranolol; Sodium nitroprusside
C、Captopril; Propranolol,
D、Captopril; Hydralazine,
E、Hydralazine; Sodium nitroprusside
11、Drugs that produce vasodilation by acting directly on vascular smooth muscle include
A、hydralazine; losartan; sodium nitroprusside; amlodipine
B、captopril; hydralazine; losartan; sodium nitroprusside
C、captopril; losartan; sodium nitroprusside; amlodipine
D、propranolol; losartan; sodium nitroprusside; amlodipine
E、propranolol; hydralazine; losartan; sodium nitroprusside
12、An increased heart rate is often caused by which of the following drugs?
A、Propranolol; Reserpine
B、Reserpine; Methyldopa
C、Propranolol; Losartan
D、Hydralazine; Nifedipine
E、Captopril; Nifedipine
13、Drugs that show to reduce complications of hypertension and may be used for initial drug therapy in patient with mild hypertension, EXCEPT:
A、Thiazide diuretics
B、angiotensin receptor blockers
C、calcium channel blockers
D、ACE inhibitors
E、α1 blockers
14、The presence of concomitant disease should influence selection of antihypertensive drugs, which of the following drugs should be consider to choose in men who have benign prostatic hyperplasia?
A、Thiazide diuretics
B、angiotensin receptor blockers
C、calcium channel blockers
D、β blockers
E、α1 blockers
15、Which of the following drugs are particularly useful in patients with the concomitant presence disease of hypertension and diabetes.
A、ACE inhibitors
B、Drugs that inhibit the renin-angiotensin system
C、α1 blockers
D、Thiazide diuretics
E、β blockers
16、Which of the following statements regarding nitroglycerine is incorrect?
A、Nitroglycerine can cause adverse reactions of headache and tachycardia.
B、Nitroglycerine undergoes significant first-pass biotransformation.
C、Nitroglycerine is used for congestive heart failure intravenously.
D、Nitroglycerine increases total coronary blood flow.
E、If continuous intravenous infusions of nitroglycerine are used for more than a few hours without interruption, tolerance may develop.
17、Which of the following drugs is considered to be the most effective drug in relieving and preventing ischemic episodes in patients with variant angina?
A、Propranolol
B、Nitroglycerin
C、Sodium nitroprusside
D、Nifedipine
E、Isosorbide dinitrate
18、A 70-year-old female is treated with sublingual nitroglycerin for her occasional bouts of angina. Which of the following mechanisms is involved in the action of nitroglycerin?
A、α-adrenergic activity
B、Phosphodiesterase activity
C、Phosphorylation of light chains of myosin
D、Norepinephrine release
E、NO release and increase in cGMP
19、Which of the following drugs is used by intravenous and intracerebral arterial infusion to prevent cerebral vasospasm associated with stroke?
A、Nifedipine
B、Nicardipne
C、Amlodipine
D、Propranolol
E、Nitroglycerin
20、Which of the following drugs should be avoided in patients with unstable angina?
A、Immediate-release short-acting nifedipine
B、Amlodipine
C、Nitroglycerin
D、β blockers
E、Aspirin
21、Drugs that are effective for relieving and preventing ischemic episodes in patients with variant angina, EXCEPT:
A、nifedipine
B、amlodipine
C、Nitroglycerin
D、β blockers
E、verapamil
Drugs that Act in the Central Nervous System
Test for Drugs that Act in the Central Nervous System
1、NMDA receptor is a coincidence detector, select the correct condition when it will open.
A、its open requires both membrane depolarization and the existence of glutamate
B、its open requires both membrane hyperpolarization and the existence of NMDA
C、its open requires both membrane depolarization and the existence of AMPA
D、its open requires both membrane hyperlarization and the existence of GABA
E、its open requires both membrane depolarization and the existence of kianic acid
2、Which one of the followings can produce EPSC in a postsynaptic site of CNS:
A、glutamate
B、benzodiazepine
C、glycine
D、GABA
E、ethonal
3、Sites of drug action in presynaptic site do NOT include
A、Action potential propagation
B、Transmitter synthesis
C、Transmitter degradation
D、Transmitter release
E、Transmitter metabolism
4、Effect of barbiturates includes the following EXCEPT:
A、Sedation
B、Relief of anxiety
C、Amnesia
D、Hypnosis
E、inhibit the P450 system
5、Which statement is NOT TRUE about Ramelteon?
A、is an agonist at MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptors
B、has no direct effects on GABAergic neurotransmission in the central nervous system
C、affect the maintaining of circadian rhythms underlying the sleep-wake cycle
D、inhibit gluatmate receptor and has a depressant effect on CNS
6、A 38-year-old male with 15-year history of grand mal seizures is brought to the ED with generalized tonic-clonic seizures that are unremittent, which drug should be given intravenous immediately?
A、Midazolam
B、diazepam
C、alprazolam
D、Ethosuximide
E、Oxazapam
7、Which of the following is drug of choice to treat grand mal？
A、Diazepam
B、Phenobarbital
C、Ehosuximide
D、Phenytoin
E、Clonazepam
8、Gabapentin is：
A、an analog of Glycine
B、induce hepatic enzymes
C、can be used against grand mal
D、used as treatment of inflammatory pain
E、could induce somnolence and dizziness
9、Local anesthetics are eliminated by：
A、skin
B、liver
C、lung
D、kidney
E、brain
10、Which anesthetic can elevate blood pressure and increase heart rate?
A、Thiopentone
B、Ketamine
C、Halothane
D、Isoflurane
E、lidocaine
11、What is compulsory for premedication before general anesthesia?
A、Pethidine
B、Diazepam
C、Atropine
D、Barbiturate
E、lidocaine
12、Carbidopa is useful in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease because it
A、is precursor of levodopa
B、is a dopaminergic receptor agonist
C、prevents peripheral biotransformation of L-dopa
D、prevents a breakdown of dopamine
E、promotes a decreased concentration of L-dopa in the nigrostriatum
13、Which of the following is a selective inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B) and. Therefore, useful in treating parkinsonism?
A、bromocriptine
B、carbidopa
C、selegiline
D、phenelzine
E、tranylcypromine
14、a dopamine receptor agonist that is useful in the therapy of Parkinson’s disease is
A、selegiline
B、bromocriptine
C、apomorphine
D、amantidine
E、belladonna
15、Which description is wrong?
A、Chlorpromazine can block DA receptor
B、Chlorpromazine can block alpha receptor
C、Chlorpromazine can block M receptor
D、Chlorpromazine can agonize opium receptor
16、A girl was sent to hospital because taking 100 tablet chlorpromazine, which drug can treat the low blood pressure?
A、Noradrenalin
B、Adenolin
C、phentolamine
D、Atropine
E、propranolol
17、Why chlorpromazine can be used in artificial hibernation, the pharmacological mechanism is
A、chlorpromazine has sedative effect
B、chlorpromazine inhibit the thermoregulation centre
C、chlorpromazine has neurologic effects
D、chlorpromazine affect endocrine system
18、The most common adverse effect associated with tricyclic antidepressants is:
A、anticholinergic effects
B、seizures
C、arrhythmias
D、hepatoxicity
E、nephrotoxicity
19、Which description about fluoxetine, a antidepressant drug, is right?
A、Inhibit the reabsorption of 5-HT selectively form the synapse cleft into the axon
B、Inhibit the reabsorption of NA selectively form the synapse cleft into the axon
C、Increase release 5-HT/NA into synapse cleft from the axon
D、increase the production of 5HT/NA
20、The best drug for treatment of bipolar depression is:
A、desipramine
B、fluoxetine
C、lithium
D、imipramine
21、which of the following statements best characterizes morphine ?
A、it is useful for the treatment of cough
B、it can decrease biliary tract pressure
C、it always produces dilatation pupilla
D、it is useful for premedication
E、it has low addiction capabilities compared with dolantin
22、The use of morphine is contraindicated in
A、myocardial infarction
B、acute pulmonary edema
C、simple diarrhea
D、kidney colic
E、bronchial asthma
23、To the opium dependent person, which drug will cause the withdrawal symptome?
A、Phenytoin
B、dopamine
C、valproate
D、pentazocine
24、Aspirin is preferred to morphine for treatment of pain, because it is LESS likely to cause all of the following, EXCEPT:
A、Constipation
B、Peptic ulcer and bleeding
C、Sedation
D、Tolerance
E、Symptoms on withdrawal because of physical dependence
25、which drug has little anti-inflammation effect?
A、aspirin
B、piroxicam
C、ibuprofen
D、acetaminophen
26、Highly selective COX-2 inhibitors are anti-inflammatory drugs with fewer GI side effects compared to traditional non-selective COX inhibitors, such as aspirin. What other effect do COX-2 inhibitors lack, in contrast to aspirin?
A、analgesic
B、antiinflammatory
C、antipyretic
D、antiplatelet
E、lipoxygenase inhibition
Endocrine Drugs
Test for Endocrine Drugs
1、The treatment of mixedema coma can include which of the following agents?
A、Thyroglobulin
B、Levothyroxine
C、Lithium
D、Propylthiouracil (PTU)
E、Protirelin
2、The most serious adverse reaction of thioureas is .
A、Nausea
B、Agranulocytosis
C、Vomit
D、Visual deterioration
E、Diarrhea
3、Which phenomenon of the following will appear if insufficiency of iodine?
A、The excretion of TSH (thyreotrophic hormone) will be decreased
B、Thyroid atrophy
C、The level of thyroid hormone in plasma will decrease
D、Tachycardia
E、The basal metabolic rate will be increased
4、Glucocorticoid synthesis is under direct control of the
A、Hypothalamus
B、Posterior pituitary
C、Adrenal medulla
D、Corticotropin-reasling factor (CRF)
E、Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
5、A long-acting Glucocorticoid is
A、dexamethasone
B、hydrocortisone
C、deoxycorticosterone
D、methylprednisolone
E、prednisone
6、Which of the following is NOT an action of glucocorticoids
A、Immunosuppressive
B、Anti-inflammatory
C、Increase of red blood cells
D、Anti-shock
E、Increase of lymphocyte
7、A 60-year-old diabetic male is treated with pioglitazone. What is the mechanism of action of pioglitazone?
A、Increase release of endogenous insulin
B、Decrease plasma glucagons levels
C、Increase heptic glucooneogenesis
D、Increase target tissue sensitiveity to insulin
E、Decrease intestinal absorption of glucose
8、Acarbose reduces intestinal absorption of starch, dextrin and disaccharides by inhibiting the action of in intestinal brush border.
A、Transferring enzyme
B、Methylase
C、α-glucosidase
D、Decarboxylase
E、Acetylase
9、All of the followings are adverse effects of insulin EXCEPT
A、Hypoglycemia
B、Insulin allergy
C、Insulin resistance
D、Anemia
E、Muscular atrophy at the injection site
Chemotherapeutic Drugs
Test for Chemotherapeutic Drugs
1、Which bacterium is less sensitive to penicillin G
A、Streptococcus haemolyticus
B、Streptococcus pneumoninae
C、Corynebacterium diphtheriae
D、Escherichia coli
E、Neisseria gonorrhoeae
2、Which of the following cephalosporins would have increase activity against anaerobic bacteria such as Bacteroides fragilis?
A、Cefaclor
B、Cephalothin
C、Cephalexin
D、Cefuroxime
E、Cefoxitin
3、A 40-year-old male develops a cough that produce blood-tinged sputum. He has a fever of 104。 F. Gram-positive cocci in clusters are found in a sputum smear. A chest x-ray shows increased density in the right upper lobe. Of the following penicillins, which is most likely to be ineffective?
A、Oxacillin
B、Cloxacillin
C、Ticarcillin
D、Nafcillin
E、Dicloxacillin
4、The most effective agent in the treatment of Rickettsia, Mycoplasma, and Chlamydia infections is
A、penicillin G
B、Tetracycline
C、Vancomycin
D、Gentamicin
E、Bacitracin
5、The mechanism of action of chloramphenicol as an antibiotic is that it
A、Binds to the 30S ribosome subunit
B、Reversibly binds to the 50S ribosome subunit
C、Prevents cell membrance development
D、Inhibits cell-wall synthesis
E、Inhibits RNA polymerse
6、In patients with hepatic coma, decreases in the production and absorption of ammonia from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract will be beneficial. The antibiotic of choice in this situation would be
A、Neomycin
B、Tetracycline
C、Penicillin G
D、Chloramphenicol
E、Cephalothin
7、The use of chloramphenicol may result in
A、Bone marrow stimulation
B、Phototoxicity
C、Aplastic anemia
D、Staining of teeth
E、Alopecia
8、Of the following, the most appropriate statement concerning the reactions caused by aminoglycosides is that these agents
A、Produce ototoxicity
B、Are potent neuromuscular blockers
C、Have little or no effect on kidneys
D、Produce a high incidence of exfoliative dermatitis
E、Produce a high incidence of hypersensitivity reactions similar to those of penicillins
9、Vertigo, inability to perceive termination of movement, and difficulty in sitting or standing without visual clues are some of the toxic reactions that are likely to occur in about 75% of patients treated with
A、Penicillin G
B、Doxycycline
C、Amphotericin B
D、Streptomycin
E、INH
10、The most active aminoglycoside against Mycobacterium tuberculosis is
A、Steptomycin
B、Amikacin
C、Tobramycin
D、Kanamycin
E、Netilmicin
11、What is the main enzyme that was inhibited by trimethoprim?
A、DNA gyrase
B、Dihydropteroate synthase
C、Dihydrofolate reductase
D、RNA polymerase
E、Protein synthesis
12、What is the main bacterial process or enzyme that was inhibited by the fluroquinolone?
A、Cell wall synthesis
B、Folic acid synthesis
C、Protein synthesis
D、RNA polymerase
E、DNA gyrase
13、The drug used in all types of TB is ?
A、Ethambutol
B、Cycloserine
C、Streptomycin
D、Isoniazid (INH)
E、PAS
14、The most active aminoglycosides against Mycobacterium tuberculosis is ?
A、Tobramycin
B、Amikacin
C、Neomycin
D、Streptomycin
E、Kanamycin
15、What is the main bacterial process or enzyme that was inhibited by rifampin?
A、Cell wall synthesis
B、Protein synthesis
C、RNA polymerase
D、DNA gyrase
E、Folic acid synthesis
16、Scientists have found a wide variety of oncogene-dependent tumor, which of the following is not correct
A、HER2—Breast Cancer
B、BCR-ABL—Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
C、EGFR—Non-small cell lung cancer
D、BRAF—Melanocytoma
E、IDH—Thyroid Cancer
17、Which of the following is the gleevec’s indication
A、Lymphocytic leukemia
B、Myelocytic leukemia
C、Mixed cell leukemia
D、Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
E、Monocytic leukemia
18、Which is the first molecular targeted drugs in cancer therapy
A、Imatinib
B、Gefitinib
C、Osimertinib
D、Erlotinib
E、Dasatinib
19、The phase of the cell cycle that is resistant to most chemotherapeutic agents and requires increased dosage to obtain a response is the
A、M phase
B、G2 phase
C、S phase
D、G0 phase
E、G1 phase
Drugs used in disorders of coagulation & Other Organs
Test for last 6 Chapters
1、Which agent of the following is the similar function of Tacrolimus (FK506)?
A、Cyclosporine A
B、Glucocorticoids
C、Mycophenolate mofetil
D、Azathioprine
E、Thalidomide
2、What should it be adminnistered to the mother within 24-72 hours after the birth of an Rh0 (D) positive infant?
A、Muromonab-CD3
B、Rh0 (D) antibody
C、Cyclosporine
D、Glucocorticoids
E、Trastuzumab
3、Which of the following is the first hormonal agent used in immunosuppressive therapy?
A、Insulin
B、Estrogen
C、Thymocrescin
D、Glucagon
E、Glucocorticoids
4、Which of the following description about the biologics is NOT right?
A、Biologics have higher molecular weight than conventional pharmaceuticals
B、Biologics are kept at room temperature during storage and transport
C、Biologics are not well characterized molecules and cannot be described by chemical formula
D、Biologics are large molecules with millions of atoms
E、Biologics are usually produced by cell culture
5、Which group of chemicals are all major toxic heavy metals?
A、Arsenic, Iron, Lead, Mercury
B、Beryllium, Calcium, Lead, Mercury
C、Beryllium, Cadmium, Magnesium, Sodium
D、Beryllium, Cadmium, Mercury, Potassium
6、Among the endogenous factors listed below, which is NOT an endogenous anticoagulant?
A、Protein C
B、Protein S
C、ATIII
D、Tissue factor
7、Which of the following is an antidote for warfarin?
A、Protamine sulfate
B、Vitamin K
C、recombinant factor VIIa
D、Vitamin E
8、Which of the following anticoagulants generally requires monitoring of coagulating function?
A、Heparin
B、LMW heparin
C、Rivaroxaban
D、Dabigatran
9、What is NOT TRUE about Cimetidine?
A、H2 receptor antagonist
B、used to treat peptic ulcer
C、most potent inhibitor of meal stimulated acid secretion
D、interfere with drug metabolism enzyme
E、less used due to its side effects
10、What is NOT a clinical use for proton inhibitors?
A、Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
B、Peptic Ulcer Disease
C、Diarrhea
D、Prevention of rebleeding from peptic ulcer
11、Omeprazole, an agent for the promotion of healing of peptic ulcers, has a mechanism of action that is based on
A、Prostaglandins
B、Gastric secretion
C、Pepsin secretion
D、H+,K+,ATPase
E、Anticholinergic action
历史、文化、资源、环境、经济和人本身都是构成和决定一个城市品牌的要素。
A.拉伸法杨氏模量，应力与应变成（）比。
B.横向结构物过渡段的顶部填土厚度小于()m时，不得采用大型振动压路机进行碾压。
C.脊柱后凸多发生于腰段脊柱
D.晨起适当补水，使循环血量增加
在C#中定义接口时，使用的关键字是( )
A.用hist或histfit命令绘制频率直方图时，横轴表示的是（ ）。
B.安迪沃霍尔有时候会把垃圾贴在画面上，他的艺术和传统的古典主义艺术大相径庭
C.卡片机的镜头是固定的，不可更换。
D.内力的力矩是否改变系统的角动量
下列哪些属于视觉障儿童可能会使用到的物品
A.一带一路的基础是（ ）。
B.侧腭杆离开龈缘的距离至少是
C.《淮阴侯列传》中的“淮阴侯”指的是（）
D.法国园林中的轴线通常是()走向。
电影《满城尽带黄金甲》中，促成人物悲剧命运的原因是不可掌控的残酷命运。_
A.材料中钱先生在沟通中的行为说明一些什么问题（）
B.“S”形造型插作的注意事项（ ）。
C.蔬菜播种前需要进行以下处理（）
D.海蓝宝石的特征是天蓝色、海蓝色，玻璃光泽，包裹体少，洁净、透明。
联合操作分析图和人机操作分析图具有相同的图表结构。
A.战争的（ ）决定了未来高技术战争仍然具有正义性和非正义性的区别。
B.资金≠资产，总资金=总资产。
C.一个人对一个事情的态度对一个人的态度包括认知,情感和()三个方面
D.在真值表中，我们将不可能、不允许出现的项成为无关项
4.电解液由高纯度的硫酸和水按一定的比例配制而成。（ ）
A.在powerpoint中，新建
B.正线高柱信号机的建筑限界应不小于（ ）。
C.如图所示电路，t=0时开关S打开，换路前电路已处于稳态，则换路后的（ ）。
D.定时/计数器T0的中断编号是3。
天然水中引起味的主要是无机物，下列说法错误的是( )
A.分析一个声母的发音方法，要从以下几个方面进行。
B.一个化学反应在电池中可逆地进行,其焓变为ΔH,热效应为Q, 则其熵变ΔS 。
C.开放性脊髓脊膜膨出常发生于哪一段
D.零件图形的表达，都是以( )、( )或( )的联结为基础的图形。
下列进口单价表达正确的是（ ）
A.获取土地使用权是房地产项目的（ ）
B.在NTFS文件系统中，子文件系统继承父文件系统权限后，如何修改子文件的权限
C.埋藏在地表浅处、局部隔水层的上部且具有自由水面的地下水称为（ ）。
D.下列关于不一致的谬误的说法中,错误的是()。
FTP是实现文件在网上的______。
A.创新创业者应具备哪些基本素质
B.差异性营销策略适用于消费者具有共同需求特征的同质性产品市场。 ( )
C.简述园林树种调查与规划的意义
D.e757d6c589274fa986e9737f69594c83.png
外径千分尺是比游标卡尺更精密的量具，其精度为（ ）mm。
A.图纸入口只能放置在方块电路的内部。
B.挫折承受力与人格特征无关
C.顾客迟迟没有收到快递，以下哪个原因可能需要追究卖家的责任（）
D.大部分动物既是消费者，又是分解者。（ ）
巧克力囊肿的发生与下列哪种疾病有关：
A.幼儿园常见的化学消毒法有（
B.细节化是把握研究对象信息的重点。（）
C.经食品添加剂安全性评价，确定为A类的，可按照正常需要使用，不用制定ADI值。
D.Java中数组的元素只能是同一种数据类型的量。
下列关于螯合物的叙述中，不正确的是（）。
A.《道德经》第三十章所说的“物壮则老”源自于《周易》的（ ）。
B.骨科牵引术的作用不包括（ ）
C.抗震墙结构中理想的延性破坏应使塑性铰首先出现在
D.下列有关“节理”的论述哪个正确：
坝高及鼻坎尺寸一定时，已知流量下的流态随下游水深增加而发生转换。
A.社会越轨是一种破坏性行为,我们应完全将其规范和控制。
B.服务心理学的研究对象包括
C.“出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖”描述的是哪种植物
D.这里所说的自由发展不包括
尿干化学分析仪测定尿胆红素的方法是（）
A.EQ处理他人情绪的四步方法，内容正确的为（ ）。
B.机车牵引装置中，在牵引杆与拐臂和车体牵引座的连接处，均采用关节轴承。
C.急诊科在建设时应考虑到哪些因素：
D.辛亥革命与戊戌变法的不同之处是,辛亥革命()
