尔雅基础英语_1答案(学习通2023题目答案)
57 min read尔雅基础英语_1答案(学习通2023题目答案)
1.1 英语语音基本概念 判断对错
1、尔雅Syllable is 基础the smallest unit of speech sound.
2、Consonant refers to the sound which is 英语made with obstruction when the air stream passes through the speech organ.
3、Voiceless Sound refers to the sound which is 答案made with the vibration of vocal cords when the air stream passes through the speech organ.
4、The学习 word “competition” has 4 syllables.
5、The通题 stress of the word “declaration” falls on the last syllable but two.
6、If the word has only one syllable,目答 it is not stressed.
7、If the word has two syllables,尔雅 the stress often falls on the first syllable.
8、In the sentence “The基础 student studied all night”, there are 6 syllables.
1.2.1 前元音 判断对错
1、Vowels can be classified into pure vowels and diphthongs.
2、英语Front vowels are pronounced by shifting the body of the tongue backward,答案 causing the vowels to be produced in the mouth.
3、According to the tongue raised,学习 /i:/ is a close front vowel.
4、/I/ and /i:/ are different only because the former is 通题a short vowel, and the latter is a long vowel.
1.2.1 前元音 选择题
1、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、目答cleaner
B、尔雅cleanser
C、neat
D、plead
2、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、lively
B、exit
C、triple
D、wrist
1.2.2中元音与后元音 判断题
1、Central vowels are produced at a point midway between the front and back vowels and between the close and open vowels.
2、/?:/ is also called schwa and often occurs in unstressed syllables.
3、/u:/, /?/, /?:/,/?/, /ɑ:/and /?/ are back vowels because they are articulated by shifting the body of the tongue back from its central position.
1.2.2中元音与后元音 选择题
1、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、push
B、cuckoo
C、bosom
D、fruit
2、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、portrait
B、always
C、knowledge
D、chalk
3、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、crackle
B、glance
C、barge
D、demand
4、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、fur
B、sugar
C、purchase
D、earnest
5、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、pun
B、pump
C、bush
D、bun
1.2.3双元音 判断题
1、Diphthongs are sounds which consist of a movement or glide from one vowel to another.
2、The first part of a diphthong is not much longer and stronger than the second part.
3、/?u/ and /au/ are called centering diphthongs.
4、/ei/, /ai/ and /?i/ are the three closing diphthongs that glide towards /i/.
1.2.3 双元音 选择题
1、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、blow
B、stow
C、mow
D、wow
2、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、Braille
B、isle
C、bail
D、veil
3、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、gear
B、fear
C、wear
D、spear
1.3.1辅音与爆破音 判断题
1、Consonants are made with obstruction when the airstream passes through the speech organ.
2、Stops are made by partially stopping the airflow at some point in the mouth and then, for most productions, releasing it into the sound that follows.
3、/b/ and /d/ are called voiceless sound.
4、/k/ and /ɡ/ are called velars because they are pronounced at the back of the mouth where the tongue makes a weal with the soft palate.
1.3.1 辅音与爆破音 选择题
1、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different soun from others.
A、bill
B、tab
C、debt
D、tube
2、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、vague
B、guile
C、gem
D、jug
1.3.2摩擦音与破擦音 判断题
1、Fricatives are made by completely blocking the airflow, thus causing the friction-like noise characteristic of these sounds.
2、The term affricate means “blend”, in this case, consisting of a stop and a fricative.
3、/s/ and /z/ are called interdentals because they are produced by squeezing the breath stream between your tongue and teeth.
4、/h/ is a voiced glottal fricative.
1.3.2摩擦音与破擦音 选择题
1、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、thrift
B、soothe
C、moth
D、wrath
2、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、hearse
B、hers
C、files
D、because
3、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、seizure
B、pleasure
C、prestige
D、judge
1.3.3鼻音、延续音与边音 判断题
1、Nasals are made by closing the vocal tract at some point in the mouth, so that the sound can be resonated through the nose.
2、There are 3 approximants in English: /w/, /j/, and /h/.
3、Laterals are made by letting the air flow pass through one or both sides of the tongue.
1.3.3鼻音、延续音与边音 选择题
1、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、horn
B、hymn
C、noun
D、tune
2、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、singular
B、younger
C、clinging
D、angle
3、Choose the word whose underlined part has a different sound from others.
A、eligible
B、gel
C、owl
D、Ralph
1.4 元音与辅音总结 判断题
1、There are 20 vowels in English, 12 are pure vowels and 8 are diphthongs.
2、The central vowel /?/ is mostly used in unstressed syllables.
3、There are 7 fricative consonants, forming the largest set of consonants in English.
4、Nasals, like other consonants cannot form syllables.
5、The dark /?/ is usually pronounced at the beginning of a word.
6、When we study phonetics in English, it is good for students to mark each word with the help of Chinese Pinyin, because they are the same.
第二章 英语词汇
2.1 英语词汇简介 判断题
1、Vocabulary can refer to the following except ______.
A、the total number of the words in a language
B、all the words used in a particular historical period
C、all the words of a given dialect
D、most words a person know
2、______ form the mainstream of the basic word stock.
A、Anglo-Saxon words
B、French words
C、Danish words
D、Latin words
3、By _____, words fall into functional words and content words.
A、use frequency
B、notion
C、origin
D、word formation
4、A word may be defined as a minimum free form; with a unity of sound and meaning, capable of performing a given _____ function.
A、semantic
B、syntactic
C、morphological
D、phonological
5、According to the origins of the words, English words can be classified into ___.
A、content words and functional words
B、native words and borrowed words
C、basic words and dialectal words
D、loan words and dialectal words
2.2英语词汇的发展
1、The influx of French words into English did not occur until after _____.
A、1200
B、1300
C、1400
D、1500
2、The Norman Conquest started a continual flow of _____ words into English.
A、Latin
B、Greek
C、Danish
D、French
3、The works of William Shakespeare and the King James Bible, are considered to be using______.
A、Old English
B、Middle English
C、Modern English
D、Early Modern English
2.3英语构词法 2.3.1 词缀法
1、The prefixes like un- and dis- can be regarded both as negative prefixes and as privative prefixes. The justification of their category lies in ______
A、meaning
B、function
C、collocation
D、word-class
2、Some prefixes are categorized as ____ since their chief function is to change the base from one class to another.
A、conversion prefixes
B、prefixes of orientation and attitude
C、inflectional prefixes
D、prefixes of time and order
3、The word employer is composed of “employ+er”, of which –er is the so-called ____ suffix.
A、verb
B、deverbal noun
C、denominal
D、demominal noun
4、The suffix –ful in mouthful is a ____ suffix and in graceful is a ____ suffix.
A、denominal adjective; denominal adjective
B、denominal noun; denominal adjective
C、denominal noun; denominal noun
D、denominal adjective; denominal noun
5、Of the three words, ____ refers to the physical or heroic qualities of a man, ____ is applied to nonhumans and ____ implies unwelcome masculine attributes in a woman.
A、manly; manlike; mannish
B、manly; mannish; manlike
C、mannish; manlike; manly
D、mannish; manly; manlike
2.3英语构词法 2.3.2合成法
1、Compounding can take place within any word class, but the most frequently-used ones are nouns and verbs.
2、Compounds are created by joining of two words or parts of several words.
2.3英语构词法 2.3.3 转类法
1、The conversion of two-syllable nouns into verbs usually involves a change in _____.
A、spelling
B、pronunciation
C、stress
D、function
2、The process in which nouns converted from adjectives do not possess al the qualities a noun does is called a _____ conversion.
A、functional
B、full
C、partial
D、miscellaneous
3、Conversion is also known as _____ since it does not change the morphological structure of words but their function.
A、functional shift
B、semantic shift
C、lexical change
D、functional drift
2.3英语构词法 2.3.4其他构词法
1、Through ______, we get lip-read out of lip-reading.
A、conversion
B、derivation
C、blending
D、backformation
2、The word motel comes from “motor+hotel”. This is an example of _____.
A、backformation
B、conversion
C、blending
D、acronymy
3、AIDS, the short form for “acquired immune deficiency syndrome”, is an instance of _____.
A、pure acronyms
B、hybrid acronyms
C、syllabic acronyms
D、initialisms.
2.4语义关系 2.4.1一词多义
1、In the process of polysemy, generally concatenation proceeds radiation.
2、In a language, there are more synonyms than antonyms.
3、Synonyms share a likeness only in denotation.
2.4语义关系 2.4.2 同形异义
1、____ are words different in meaning but either identical both in sound and spelling or identical only in sound or spelling.
A、Homographs
B、Homophones
C、Perfect homonyms
D、Homonyms
2、Apple and pear are _____ of fruit.
A、hyponyms
B、antonyms
C、synonyms
D、metonyms
3、All of the following are the sources of homonyms except _____.
A、extension
B、shortening
C、borrowing
D、change in sound and spelling
2.4语义关系 2.4.3同义关系
1、Synonyms share a likeness only in denotation.
2、Synonyms may differ in degree of intensity.
2.4语义关系 2.4.4反义关系
1、Complementary antonyms can be used in comparative degrees.
2、Antonyms may differ in semantic inclusion.
2.4语义关系 2.4.5上下义关系及部分与整体关系
1、Hyponymy refers to a meaning relationship between a pair of words, showing a “kind of” or “type of” relation.
2、The semantic relation between a word for a part of something and a word for the whole is called hyponymy.
2.5词义的变化 2.5.1语义变化的类型
1、“Minister” originally means ‘servant’ while in modern times it refers to “head of the government ministry’” This mode of word meaning change is _____.
A、extension
B、elevation
C、degradation
D、transfer
2、Extension of meaning is most frequently found in _____.
A、communized proper names
B、technical terms
C、polysemic words
D、all of the above
3、If a word which used to have a more ______ sense becomes restricted in its application in present-day language, the word has undergone narrowing of meaning.
A、appreciative
B、general
C、pejorative
D、specific
4、Words of sensation associated with one sense are sometimes used to describe another sense. This kind of transfer is known as_____.
A、figurative transfer
B、synesthesia
C、metonymy
D、metaphor
5、_____, also known as amelioration, refers to the process by which words rise from humble beginning to the positions of importance.
A、Extension
B、Narrowing
C、Pejoration
D、Elevation
2.5词义的变化 2.5.2 语义变化的机制
1、In the metaphorical perception of word meanings, the concrete domain of experience is understood in terms of the experience of a relatively abstract domain.
2、The metaphorical process of meaning extension is very often true for polysemous words.
3、Metonymy is a relation based on similarity, or some kind of association connecting two concepts.
4、Like metaphor, the metonymic process is also responsible for the extension of word meanings.
学习通基础英语_1
学习通基础英语_1是我们学习英语的起点，通过学习，我们可以掌握英语单词的基本拼写、基础语法、基础句型和基本交际用语等，能够进行简单的日常交流，为今后更深入地学习英语奠定了基础。
基础单词的学习
英语单词是我们学习英语的基础，只有掌握了足够的单词量，我们才能够更加流畅地使用英语进行交流。因此，在学习通基础英语_1阶段，我们需要掌握一定的基础单词量，并且能够正确地拼写和发音这些单词。同时，我们还需要了解一些基本的词汇规律，比如英语动词的时态变化等。
基础语法的学习
英语语法是我们学习英语的基础，只有掌握了基本的语法规则，我们才能够更好地理解和运用英语。在学习通基础英语_1阶段，我们需要学习一些基本的语法知识，比如英语中的主谓一致、名词的单复数等。同时，我们还需要了解一些基本的句型结构，比如英语中的简单句、并列句和复合句等。
基本交际用语的学习
在学习通基础英语_1阶段，我们也需要学习一些基本的交际用语，比如问候语、道别语等。这些交际用语可以帮助我们更好地与他人进行日常交流，提高我们的英语口语水平。
学习方法
学习通基础英语_1阶段相对来说比较简单，但是我们仍然需要遵循一些学习方法，才能够更好地掌握知识。其中，最重要的方法就是多做练习。只有通过反复地练习，我们才能够真正地掌握英语的基础知识。此外，我们还可以通过阅读英语文章、听英语音频等方式来提高我们的英语能力。
总结
学习通基础英语_1是我们学习英语的起点，通过认真学习，我们可以掌握英语单词的基本拼写、基础语法、基础句型和基本交际用语等，为今后更深入地学习英语奠定了基础。
学习通基础英语_1
学习通基础英语_1是我们学习英语的起点，通过学习，我们可以掌握英语单词的基本拼写、基础语法、基础句型和基本交际用语等，能够进行简单的日常交流，为今后更深入地学习英语奠定了基础。
基础单词的学习
英语单词是我们学习英语的基础，只有掌握了足够的单词量，我们才能够更加流畅地使用英语进行交流。因此，在学习通基础英语_1阶段，我们需要掌握一定的基础单词量，并且能够正确地拼写和发音这些单词。同时，我们还需要了解一些基本的词汇规律，比如英语动词的时态变化等。
基础语法的学习
英语语法是我们学习英语的基础，只有掌握了基本的语法规则，我们才能够更好地理解和运用英语。在学习通基础英语_1阶段，我们需要学习一些基本的语法知识，比如英语中的主谓一致、名词的单复数等。同时，我们还需要了解一些基本的句型结构，比如英语中的简单句、并列句和复合句等。
基本交际用语的学习
在学习通基础英语_1阶段，我们也需要学习一些基本的交际用语，比如问候语、道别语等。这些交际用语可以帮助我们更好地与他人进行日常交流，提高我们的英语口语水平。
学习方法
学习通基础英语_1阶段相对来说比较简单，但是我们仍然需要遵循一些学习方法，才能够更好地掌握知识。其中，最重要的方法就是多做练习。只有通过反复地练习，我们才能够真正地掌握英语的基础知识。此外，我们还可以通过阅读英语文章、听英语音频等方式来提高我们的英语能力。
总结
学习通基础英语_1是我们学习英语的起点，通过认真学习，我们可以掌握英语单词的基本拼写、基础语法、基础句型和基本交际用语等，为今后更深入地学习英语奠定了基础。
