中国大学21春 中西方思想文化史B（史素菡）期末答案(慕课2023课后作业答案)
17 min read中国大学21春 中西方思想文化史B（史素菡）期末答案(慕课2023课后作业答案)
第一章测试
1、中国In the 18th century,大学 some famous French scholars such as Voltaire began to use the word in a sense closer to its complete definition. They thought it referred to “ ________ ”.
A、cultivating wisdom
B、春中training and cultivating mind or thought,西方 an interesting result or state
C、cultivation and improvement of the land,思想史B史素 cultivation of plants
D、educating somebody with morality
2、文化In western languages,菡期后作 the word “civilization” appeared with the rise of _______ .
A、marine culture
B、末答inland culture
C、案慕案urban culture
D、课课exotic culture
3、业答The中国 third often-talked metaphor is that culture is like an onion. The inner nucleus level are , beliefs, worldview.
A、feelings
B、大学values
C、春中rituals
D、西方customs
4、"Wenming" (civilization) in Chinese first appeared in and the Book of Changes.
A、the Book of Documents
B、The Historical Records
C、The Spring and Autumn Annals
D、The Analects
5、According to the ideal definition given by Raymond Henry Williams, culture is
A、the whole part of imaginary works
B、the whole part of intellectuality
C、human experiences
D、a state or process of human improvement
6、The first person who summarized the human cultural phenomenon in the sense of cultural anthropology is the British scholar .
A、Bagby
B、A. J. Toynbee
C、Edward Tylor
D、Raymond Henry Williams
7、1) In 1960s, Raymond Henry Williams claimed, in an article named “Cultural Analysis”, that culture had three concepts. They are:_______
A、ideal definition
B、documentary definition
C、social definition
D、educational definition
8、4) The British scholar Edward Tylor clearly stated in the book "Primitive Culture" (1871): "Culture or civilization, in its extensive ethnological sense, is a complex whole that includes ________ , laws, customs, and the abilities and habits that anyone acquires as a member of society.”
A、knowledge
B、beliefs
C、art
D、morals
9、Cultural values are transferred across generations in the form of and that make them easier to understand.
A、symbols
B、belief
C、languages
D、stories
10、Some historical philosophers attach great importance to the historical inheritance of culture and understand culture as a traditional form of or .
A、social behavior
B、social development
C、social progress
D、social heritage
11、Which of the following are metaphors given by culture researchers about what culture is?
A、Culture to human is what water to fish.
B、Culture is like an iceberg.
C、Culture is the software of our mind.
D、Culture is the rules of a game.
12、In Chinese, the phrase “wenhua”(culture) was first used as a verb, meaning “to educate somebody with morality”.
13、In western literature, the word “civilization” appeared with the rise of urban culture.
14、Our cultural values, and our system of behavior dictates our thinking and beliefs.
15、Traveling is the best way to learn about other cultures. Firsthand experience is most definitive way to gain knowledge and experience.
16、Culture is a collective phenomenon, and cannot exist in isolation.
17、Learning language is one of the best ways to get to know a culture.
18、According to the metaphor"Culture is like an iceburg", only a small part of it is invisible, but a large part of which is above the surface and are tangible.
19、Culture is essential to make us feel a part of a group and give us the guiding principles of life.
20、Culture is larned and transmitted across generations.
2. Origin of Chinese and Western Civilization中西文化探源
第二章测试
1、The interaction and bilateral influence of the agricultural society and __________ promoted the development of Chinese culture.
A、the clan society
B、the democratic society
C、the nomadic society
D、the isolated society
2、__________ taught people to breed silkworms.
A、Shu Jun（叔均）
B、YouChaoShi（有巢氏）
C、Houji（后稷）
D、Leizu（嫘祖）
3、The humid climate, the abundant rainfall and ____________ provide a very good natural condition for the growth of various plants and the development of farming civilization.
A、the scarce sunshine
B、the sufficient heat resources
C、the dried desert
D、the vast island
4、The ancient Greek trade extended to East Africa, Arabia, Central Asia and India, and began to have business contacts with more distant places such as ____.
A、China
B、Egypt
C、Norway
D、Australia
5、Before the liberation, elders in a clan could do the following but NOT __________.
A、restrict the behavior of its members
B、deal with the disputes
C、treat everyone equally
D、decide on events and affairs
6、The agricultural economy formed an inward-looking culture, that is _____.
A、conservative
B、peaceful
C、unambitious
D、modest
7、Besides marital relations and breeding offspring, an extended family functions as the social unit of inheritance, ________.
A、marriage
B、production
C、management
D、consumption
8、In Hegel’s "Historical Philosophy", the main geographical factors that affect culture are summarized into_________.
A、dry highlands and vast grasslands
B、plain river basins
C、the coastal area
D、barren areas
9、Chinese culture is located __________ from the north to the south.
A、in the center of Asia
B、in the eastern part of Eurasia
C、on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean
D、across the tropical and temperate zones
10、The ancient Chinese emperors often ________.
A、praised the princes and heroes for picking up land
B、granted them the fields and subjects
C、punished those who fled away from their homeland
D、made them the lords of land and serfs
11、China’s topology is a stepped distribution of east highland and west lowland.
12、In ancient China, the vast and endless Pacific Ocean only meant the end of the land, the natural limit for the ancient Chinese.
13、Planting-based agriculture has been the main pillar of the economic life of the ancient Chinese nation.
14、An kinship network included four tribes of marriage and nine generations of blood.
15、The vast territory in China maintained the continuity and integrity of Chinese culture even after invasion wars.
16、The land-sealed Mediterranean sea, with the shallow export channel, the small tides, the calm sea surface, is very deep, the salt content is particularly low, and the coastal currents are formed deep under the water surface.
17、Some of the basic words in Oracle in ancient China that involve the national economy and people's livelihood were closely related to agricultural activities.
18、The residents of Crete and the Cycladic Islands, the birthplace of European civilization, grew barley, wheat, soybeans, peas, fruit trees and cash crops such as olives, grapes and citrus, and bronze, and painted pottery were widely used.
19、In ancient Greece, most of the city-state's economy was focused on business and industry.
20、Solon divided the citizens into four grades and the fourth rank could not hold the public official positions, but could speak and vote at the citizen assembly, and have the right to participate in the jury.
学习通21春 中西方思想文化史B（史素菡）
一、课程简介
中西方思想文化史B是一门通过对中西方文化思想的比较研究，帮助学生更好地理解中西方文化差异和联系的课程。本课程由史素菡老师授课，主要分为四个部分：中国思想文化史、西方思想文化史、比较文化学、中西方文化交融。
二、学习内容
1. 中国思想文化史
中国思想文化史部分主要探讨中国古代哲学、文学、艺术等方面的内容。在这一部分中，我们学习了中国古代哲学家如孔子、老子等人的思想理论，以及中国古代文学如《诗经》、《楚辞》等的文化内涵和精神价值。同时，我们还了解了中国古代艺术的发展历程，如书法、绘画、雕塑等方面。
2. 西方思想文化史
西方思想文化史部分主要探讨西方哲学、文学、艺术等方面的内容。在这一部分中，我们学习了欧洲文艺复兴时期的人文主义思想，以及欧洲古希腊哲学家如亚里士多德、柏拉图等的思想理论。同时，我们还了解了欧洲的文学如莎士比亚等人的作品，以及欧洲的艺术如文艺复兴时期的雕塑、绘画等方面。
3. 比较文化学
比较文化学部分主要探讨中西方文化差异和联系。在这一部分中，我们学习了中西方文化的不同之处，如价值观、人际交往、礼仪等方面。同时，我们还了解了中西方文化之间的联系，如文化交流、文化融合等方面。
4. 中西方文化交融
中西方文化交融部分主要探讨中西方文化融合的历史背景、现状和未来趋势。在这一部分中，我们学习了中西方文化交流的历史背景和现状，如中西方的宗教、文化交流等方面。同时，我们还了解了未来中西方文化交流的趋势和前景。
三、学习收获
学习本课程，我对中西方文化有了更深入的了解和认识。通过比较中西方文化差异和联系，我发现不同文化之间的差异和联系不是非黑即白的，而是存在着很多灰色地带。同时，我还学会了如何通过比较文化来拓宽自己的视野，以及如何在跨文化交流中尽量避免误解和冲突。
四、课程评价
本课程由史素菡老师授课，老师讲课生动有趣，能够平衡讲解内容和学生思考时间。同时，老师还鼓励学生参与课堂讨论，让课堂氛围非常活跃。课程设置合理，内容涵盖面广，很好地满足了我们学习中西方文化的需求。
五、总结
中西方思想文化史B是一门非常有趣和实用的课程，通过学习这门课程，我们可以更好地了解中西方文化的差异和联系，拓宽我们的视野，提高我们的跨文化交流能力。希望更多的人可以加入到中西方文化的研究中来，为文化交流和文化融合做出贡献。
中国大学21春 中西方思想文化史B（史素菡）
“中西方思想文化史B”是一门非常有趣的课程，由史素菡老师授课。在这门课程中，我们将了解中西方文化的历史背景、思想观念、哲学思想等等。
在学习这门课程的过程中，我们发现中西方文化虽然有很多不同之处，但也有许多相似之处。例如，中西方文化都非常重视家庭、教育和道德，都有一些相似的价值观念。此外，我们还学习到了中国古代思想家如孔子、老子、荀子等等的思想，以及西方哲学家如亚里士多德、笛卡尔、康德等等的思想。
在学习这些思想家的思想时，我们发现他们的思想非常深刻，对我们的思考方式、认识世界的方式都有很大的影响。例如，孔子的“仁义礼智信”思想影响了中国几千年的文化，而笛卡尔的“我思故我在”思想则是西方哲学中的经典之一。
此外，我们还学习了一些历史事件对中西方文化的影响。例如，文艺复兴时期对西方文化的影响，以及战争对中国的影响等等。
总的来说，这门课程让我们更加全面地了解了中西方文化的历史和思想，帮助我们更好地认识世界，也让我们更加珍惜自己的文化。
